Guhitamo iburyo budakozwe mu buryo budahambiriye gukora imashini ni ngombwa kugirango ishyiraho umurongo wagenze neza kandi mwiza. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzakuyobora mubintu by'ingenzi tugomba gusuzuma, ubwoko bw'imashini ziboneka, n'inama zo gufata umwanzuro usobanutse. Aka gatabo kagenewe gufasha ubucuruzi bwubunini bwose, kuva mugitangira gito kugeza kubikorwa bikomeye.
Intangiriro
Akamaro k'umufuka udakozwe
Imifuka idahwitse irimo gukundwa kubera inyungu zabo zibidukikije. Bitandukanye imifuka ya pulasitike, irasubirwamo, bizima, kandi ikorwa. Ibi biranga bituma bahitamo ubucuruzi bugamije kugabanya ibidukikije. Nkuko isi ihinduranya kubikorwa birambye, icyifuzo kumifuka idahwitse zikomeje kuzamuka. Iki cyifuzo kiyobowe no kongera ubumenyi no kumenyekanisha ibidukikije.
Incamake yimifuka idakozwe nabi
Imashini zidahambiriye gukora amashini ni ngombwa mugutanga iyi mifuka yinshuti nziza. Baje muburyo butandukanye, harimo intoki, muri Semi-Automatic, kandi byikora byikora. Buri bwoko butanga urwego rutandukanye rwubushobozi bwumusaruro no kwikora. Kurugero, imashini zikoresha zirashobora kubyara imifuka 220 kumunota, kuzamura cyane umusaruro no kugabanya ibiciro byakazi.
Isoko ryimashini zidahambya zidafite imbaraga ziraguka vuba. Ubucuruzi bwubunini bwose burimo gushora muri izi mashini kugirango babone ibyifuzo biramba byo gupakira. Guhitamo imashini iboneye bikubiyemo gutekereza kubintu nko gukenera umusaruro, ingengo yimari, nubwoko bwimifuka ushaka kubyara. Muguhitamo imashini ikwiye, ubucuruzi burashobora kwemeza umusaruro neza no gusohoka mu buryo buhebuje.
Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba gusuzuma
1. Ubwoko bw'imifuka n'imashini ihuza
Guhitamo Iburyo bukwiye bwo gukora imifuka ikozwe mugusobanukirwa no gusobanukirwa ubwoko bwimifuka ushaka kubyara. Imashini zitandukanye zagenewe ubwoko bwimifuka yihariye, harimo:
W-gukata imifuka : akenshi ikoreshwa mumifuka yibiribwa.
D-gukata imifuka : mubisanzwe ikoreshwa mugupakira.
Koresha imifuka : Nibyiza kubintu biremereye, akenshi bikoreshwa muguhaha nibikorwa byamamaza.
Agasanduku k'isanduku : Ibi birakomeye kandi mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mugupakira ibintu binini.
Buri mashini ifite ubushobozi bwihariye bujyanye niyi mifuka itandukanye. Kurugero, imashini zimwe zidasanzwe mumifuka ya W-Cut na D-gukata, mugihe ibindi bishobora kuba byiza bikwiranye nigituba.
Menya neza
Mugihe uhitamo imashini, menya neza birashobora kubyara ubwoko bwimifuka ukeneye. Reba ibisobanuro byimashini no kubahuza nibisabwa. Guhuza ni ngombwa kugirango umusaruro unoze kandi utera imbere ku isoko.
Ubushobozi bwumusaruro n'umuvuduko
Imashini ziratandukanye mubushobozi bwabo n'umuvuduko. Kurugero, imashini zikoresha zirashobora kubyara imifuka 220 kumunota, bigatuma bikwiranye nibikorwa bikomeye. Ibinyuranye, imashini zifasha kandi semique zishobora kuba zikwiye kubicuruzwa bito cyangwa umusaruro udasanzwe.
Amahitamo yihariye
Imashini zimwe zitanga amahitamo yihariye, ikwemerera kubyara imifuka muburyo butandukanye. Ihinduka rishobora kuba ingirakamaro mugihe ubucuruzi bwawe bukeneye kugaburira ibyo dutandukanye nabakiriya.
2. Ubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro
Imifuka ingahe ishobora gutanga imashini kumunota?
Gusobanukirwa ubushobozi bwumusaruro wibikorwa bidafite imifuka bidafite imbaraga ni ngombwa kugirango ugabanye nubucuruzi bwawe. Ubushobozi bwumusaruro buratandukanye cyane ku mashini zitandukanye, bigira ingaruka kumifuka bashobora kubyara kumunota.
Gusuzuma umuvuduko wuwasaruro nubushobozi
Imashini zagenewe umusaruro munini urashobora kubyara imifuka 220 kumunota, icyifuzo cyubucuruzi gikenewe cyane. Imashini zikoresha byuzuye cyane no kugabanya ibiciro byakazi. Ibikorwa bito-birashobora kungukirwa nimashini zikoresha igitabo cyangwa igice cyikora, gitanga umuvuduko wo hasi ariko uhendutse kandi byoroshye gukomeza.
| Ubwoko | bwimashini Umuvuduko | mwiza kuri |
| Byikora | Imifuka igera kuri 220 / min | Inganda nini |
| Igice-cyikora | Umuvuduko | Umusaruro wo hagati |
| Imfashanyigisho | Umuvuduko wo hasi | Igipimo gito cyangwa ibicuruzwa |
Guhuza umusaruro ukeneye
Guhitamo imashini iboneye, suzuma ibikenewe byawe kandi biteganijwe. Reba ubwoko bwimifuka utanga nibisabwa. Imashini ihuye nubushobozi bwawe bwo gutanga umusaruro irashobora kwemeza imikorere ifatika no kubahiriza amasoko nta mutungo mwinshi.
Guhinduka no gusuzugura
Hitamo imashini itanga guhinduka kandi irashobora gupima nubucuruzi bwawe. Imashini zifite igenamigambi rifatika rigufasha kubyara imifuka itandukanye nuburyo, kugaburira ibyo umukiriya akeneye. Gutesha agaciro biremeza ko uko ubucuruzi bwawe bukura, mashini yawe irashobora gukora umusaruro wiyongereye udasabye kuzamura byimazeyo.
3. Urwego rwo gukora
Imashini ni igice-cyikora cyangwa byikora byikora?
Mugihe uhisemo imifuka idahwitse imashini, imwe mubyemezo bikomeye ni uguhitamo hagati yimashini yikora cyangwa yikora. Buri bwoko bufite ibyiza byayo nibitekerezo, bitewe nubucuruzi bwawe.
Semi-Automatic na Imashini zikoresha
Imashini za Semi: Ibyiza n'ibibi
Ibyiza :
Ishoramari ryo hasi ryambere: Imashini zikoresha muri Semi muri rusange zihendutse kuruta kwikora.
Guhinduka: Batanga byinshi kuri gahunda yo gukora, ishobora kuba ingirakamaro kubikorwa bito cyangwa ibicuruzwa bisanzwe.
Kubungabunga byoroshye: Ibigize bike bisobanura kubungabunga byoroshye no kugura hasi.
Ibibi :
Umuvuduko wo hasi wihuta: mubisanzwe bitanga imifuka mike kumunota ugereranije nimashini zikoresha.
Amafaranga yo hejuru yumurimo: Gutabara byinshi birakenewe, kongera amafaranga yumurimo hamwe ningaruka zikosa ryabantu.
Imashini zikoresha neza: ibyiza n'ibibi
Ibyiza :
Umuvuduko wo hejuru: Imashini zikoresha zirashobora kubyara imifuka 220 kumunota, ubakorere neza kubikorwa binini.
Kugabanya ibiciro byakazi: Gutabara bisanzwe bikenewe, bigabanya amafaranga yumurimo no kongera imikorere.
Guhuza: inzira zikora zemeza neza neza kandi uburinganire mumusaruro, kugabanya inenge.
Ibibi :
| Ikiranga amashusho | ya Semi-Automatike | Imashini zikoresha |
| Igiciro cyambere | Munsi | Hejuru |
| Umuvuduko | Gushyira mu gaciro | Hejuru |
| Amafaranga | Hejuru | Munsi |
| Ibisobanuro no guhuzagurika | Impinduka | Hejuru |
| Kubungabunga | Byoroshye | Bigoye |
Guhitamo neza
Guhitamo kwawe hagati ya kimwe cya kabiri cyikora kandi cyikora cyikora kigomba gushingira kubikenewe, ingengo yimari, nubucuruzi. Imashini zikoresha byuzuye zibereye ubucuruzi zigamije imimero myinshi ifite uruhare ruto. Ibinyuranye, imashini zikoresha icyiciro nibyiza kubucuruzi hamwe nibikorwa byo hasi bikenewe hamwe ningengo yimari.
4. Igiciro na bije
Ingengo yimari yawe niyihe?
Kugena bije yawe nintambwe ikomeye muguhitamo imashini idahwitse yo gukora imashini. Igiciro gikubiyemo ishoramari ryambere kandi rikomeza gukora.
Ibiciro byo gukora: Kubungabunga, umurimo, nibiciro byibiciro
Usibye igiciro cyambere cyo kugura, ugomba gusuzuma ibiciro byo gukora. Harimo:
Ibiciro byo kubungabunga : Kubungabunga buri gihe birakenewe kugirango imashini ikora neza. Imashini zateye imbere zishobora kugira ibiciro byo kubungabunga ibiciro byimbitse bitewe nuburemere bwabo.
Amafaranga agenga umurimo : Imashini zikoresha byikora zisaba gutabara gake, kugabanya ibiciro byakazi. Imashini za Semi-zikora, mugihe uhendutse mu ntangiriro, ashobora gutanga amafaranga yo hejuru.
Ibiciro byabigenewe : Igiciro cyibikoresho fatizo, nkibisambano bya polypropylene, bigomba gushishikazwa muri bije yawe. Kugura ibikoresho mubiryo birashobora kugabanya ibiciro.
Ingengo yimari yo gutsinda
Mugihe cyo gutegura ingengo yimari yawe, ni ngombwa kuringaniza hagati yishoramari ryambere nibiciro bikomeje. Suzuma umusaruro wawe nubushobozi bwamafaranga bwo gufata icyemezo kiboneye. Hitamo imashini idahuye ningengo yimari yawe gusa ahubwo ihuza intego zawe nigipimo cyibikorwa.
5. Ibikoresho fatizo
Ni ibihe bikoresho fatizo bisabwa kandi ni ibihe biciro byabo?
Iyo uhisemo umufuka udahembwa ukora imashini, gusobanukirwa ibikoresho fatizo ni ngombwa kugirango igenamigambi ryiza na gahunda. Imifuka idahwitse isanzwe ikozwe muri polypropylene, ibintu bizwiho kuramba, kwikigiza, no gutanga amazi.
PolyproPylene: Ibikoresho byibanze
Polypropylene nibikoresho byibanze bikoreshwa mugukora imifuka idateye isoni. Ubu bwoko bw'imyenda ya plastike itanga ibyiza byinshi:
Kuramba : Birashobora kwihanganira imitwaro iremereye nta gutama.
Ikirahure : Biroroshye gukora no gutwara.
Amazi : Birakwiriye kubibazo bitandukanye nibisabwa.
Igiciro no kuboneka
Gusobanukirwa ikiguzi no kuboneka kwa Polypropylene ni ngombwa kugirango utegure. Igiciro cya Polypropylene gishobora gutandukana ukurikije isoko nabatanga isoko. Hano hari ibiciro bisanzwe:
Kugura ibikoresho fatizo mubintu bishobora kugabanya cyane ikiguzi kuri buri gice, gifasha kuzuza ibisabwa inkunga no kunoza inyungu rusange.
Guteganya ibikoresho fatizo
Ingengo yimari yibikoresho fatizo bikubiyemo gusuzuma ibiciro byambere ndetse no gukoresha amafaranga akomeje. Hano hari inama zimwe:
Kugura byinshi : Kugura byinshi bigabanya igiciro cya buri giciro kandi cyemeza ko itangazo rihamye.
Abatanga isoko ryizewe : Hitamo abatanga isoko ryiza kugirango umenye neza ubuziranenge no gutanga.
Isoko ryerekeye isoko : Komeza ijisho ku isoko ryibiciro bya polypropylene kugirango utezimbere ibyemezo byo kugura.
6. Uruganda rukora no gutanga inguzanyo
Ninde abakora nabatanga isoko bazwi?
Guhitamo uruganda ruzwi ni ngombwa kugirango tubone ubuziranenge no kwiringirwa kwimashini yawe idahwitse. Abakora byizewe batanga imashini zimeze neza kandi zitanga inyungu nziza nyuma yo kugurisha, zingirakamaro mugukomeza ibikorwa neza.
Guhitamo Uruganda ruzwi
Mugihe uhitamo uruganda, suzuma ibintu bikurikira:
Ubwiza bw'imashini : Menya neza ko Uwabikoze atanga imashini zihenze, ziramba zihura n'ibipimo ngenderwaho.
Inkunga yo kugurisha : Uruganda rwiza rutanga inkunga yizewe nyuma yo kugurisha, harimo serivisi zo kubungabunga, ibice byabigenewe, nubufasha bwa tekiniki.
Isubiramo ryabakiriya : Shakisha abayikora hamwe nabakiriya beza basuzuma kandi ubuhamya. Ibi birashobora gutanga ubushishozi mu kwizerwa kwabo no kwizerwa.
Ababikora bakomeye bazwiho kwizerwa
Abakora benshi bazwiho gutanga imashini zizewe zidahambya. Hano hari amazina make yo hejuru mu nganda:
OYAN-GROUP : Azwi kumuvuduko mwinshi, imashini zikoresha zizamura imikorere no kugabanya gutabara. Batanga inkunga yabakiriya kandi bazwi kubishushanyo byabo bishya.
Byose-neza : Uyu wabikoze atanga imashini zitandukanye zijyanye nubwoko butandukanye bwimifuka no kubaturage. Babona neza kubijyanye na imashini yabo myiza na serivisi zabakiriya.
Farprint : itanga imashini zitandukanye zibereye umunzani utandukanye wo gukora. Bazwiho amahitamo yabo ihendutse kandi yizewe nyuma yo kugurisha.
Imbonerahamwe
| | | |
| OYAN-ITS | Umuvuduko mwinshi, imashini zikoresha | Gukomera nyuma yo kugurisha |
| byose-neza | Imashini zitandukanye muburyo butandukanye | Serivisi nziza y'abakiriya |
| Farezer | Amahitamo meza, imashini zizewe | Inkunga Yizewe Nyuma yo Kugurisha |
Gukora ubushakashatsi
Kugirango umenye ko uhitamo uruganda rwizewe, gukora ubushakashatsi bunoze. Reba imbuga zabo zimakuru irambuye kubyerekeye imashini zabo na serivisi. Soma ibisobanuro byabakiriya nubuhamya bwo gupima izina ryabo. Menyesha mu buryo butaziguye kugirango ubaze ibibazo bijyanye n'imashini zabo, ibiciro, na serivisi zifasha.
7. IBISABWA N'UBUYOBOZI
Ese imashini nigikorwa cyumusaruro cyubahiriza amabwiriza yaho?
Kugenzura imifuka yawe idahwitse ikora imashini n'imikorere yubahiriza amategeko y'ibidukikije ni ngombwa. Kubahiriza ntabwo birinda ibibazo byemewe n'amategeko gusa ahubwo byongera izina ryubucuruzi.
Kubahiriza amabwiriza y'ibidukikije
Ubwa mbere, menyesha ko imashini yujuje ibipimo byose byibanze ndetse n'igihugu. Aya mabwiriza arashobora kwerekana ibintu nkibihuha, gukora neza imbaraga, no gucunga imyanda. Gukorana nimashini ivuga kuri aya mahame afasha mugukomeza ibikorwa birambye.
Imifuka idahwitse: ubundi buryo bwangiza ibidukikije
Imifuka idahwitse izwi cyane nkabanyabundi bakina urugwiro kumufuka wa pulasitike. Bakozwe muri Polypropylene, biramba, birashoboka, kandi bisubirwamo. Iyi mifuka ibora vuba kuruta imifuka gakondo ya pulasitike, kugabanya ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije. Kugaragaza urugwiro rwimifuka yawe idahwitse irashobora kuba ahantu hashobora kugurisha ubucuruzi bwawe.
| Icyerekezo | kidahambiriye | imifuka ya pulasitike |
| Ibikoresho | PolyproPylene | Plastike zitandukanye |
| Igihe cyo kuboneza | Byihuse | Gahoro |
| Kongera kuboneka | Hejuru | Hasi |
| Ingaruka y'ibidukikije | Munsi | Hejuru |
Kubahiriza nk'ingingo yo kugurisha
Kubahiriza amabwiriza y'ibidukikije birashobora kongera gukomera ishusho yawe yubucuruzi. Abakiriya barushaho guhitamo ibicuruzwa bifite urugwiro. Guteza imbere gukurikiza aya mahame birashobora gukurura abakiriya babuza ibidukikije kandi batandukanya ubucuruzi bwawe ku isoko.
INTAMBWE ZO GUKOMEZA KUBARA
Kora ubushakashatsi ku mabwiriza yibanze : Sobanukirwa amategeko yihariye y'ibidukikije kandi akoreshwa mukarere kawe.
Hitamo imashini zemejwe : hitamo imashini zemewe zujuje aya mabwiriza.
Gushyira mubikorwa imyitozo zirambye : Shyiramo imikorere nko gutunganya no gucunga imyanda mubikorwa byawe.
Ubugenzuzi busanzwe : Kora ubugenzuzi busanzwe kugirango habeho kubahiriza ibipimo bidukikije.
Ubwoko bwibishako bidafite imbaraga
Guhitamo iburyo-umufuka wibiti bikozwe mu bucuruzi bwawe ni ngombwa. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi buboneka, buri kimwe gifite ibintu byihariye ninyungu. Dore incamake imwe yubwoko bwingenzi:
Agasanduku Gukora Isakoshi
Imashini zikangurambaga zagenewe gukora imifuka ikomeye, yurukiramende. Nibyiza kubintu bisaba inkunga yinyongera. Izi mashini zikora inzira, kubyara neza kandi bifite agaciro.
Koresha imashini zikora imifuka
Koresha imashini zitwara ibimenyetso ahantu hatanga imifuka hamwe namazi. Ibi biratunganye ko kugurisha, guha abakiriya guhitamo byoroshye gutwara. Imashini zemeza ko umugereka ukomeye, utezimbere igikapu.
D-gukata imashini zikora imashini
Imashini za D-Cut zitanga imifuka hamwe nintoki zitandukanye. Ibi bikunze gukoreshwa mubikorwa byamamaza kubera isura yabo idasanzwe. Igikorwa cyo gukora gifatika, gitanga ibipimo byinshi bisohoka.
T-Shirt Gukora Imashini
Imashini zikaga za T-SHID zirema T-Shir style imifuka ikunze gukoreshwa mububiko bwibiribwa. Bazwiho kwihuta kwabo no kunyuranya, bigatuma bakwiranye na porogaramu zitandukanye.
Amahitamo yihariye
Abakora benshi batanga imashini hamwe nuburyo busanzwe bwo kubahiriza ibyo bakeneye mubucuruzi. Ibi birashobora kubamo ibyo uhindura mubunini, igishushanyo, hamwe nibimenyetso byiyongera nko ubushobozi bwo gucapa.
Gushiraho ubucuruzi bwawe budakozwe mubikorwa
1. Ubushakashatsi ku isoko
Ni irihe soko risaba imifuka idahwitse?
Gusobanukirwa Isoko ryingufu ningirakamaro kugirango utsinde ibikorwa byawe bidafite imbaraga. Imifuka idahwitse irakundwa mu nzego zitandukanye kubera kamere yabo yangiza ibidukikije. Inzego zirimo:
Amaduka yo kugurisha : Abacuruzi benshi barimo guhindura imifuka idahwitse nkubundi buryo burambye kumufuka wa pulasitike.
Amaduka n'ibigo byubucuruzi : Ahantu higuruwe hasabwa imifuka irambye kandi ikorwa.
Ibitaro : Koresha imifuka idahwitse kubikoresho byubuvuzi bitewe nisuku yabo.
Amahoteri na resitora : Kubipfunyika no kwamamaza no kwamamaza.
IBIKORWA BYA SAMATANGA : Ubucuruzi bubikoresha nkibintu byamamaza, biyongera kubikorwa byibyabaye no kwamamaza.
Kumenya isoko ryawe hamwe nabakiriya bashobora kuba muriyi nzego bifasha guhuza umusaruro wawe no kwamamaza ingamba zo gukemura ibibazo nibisabwa.
2. Igenamigambi
Nibihe bisabwa gushora imari na kamere yingengo yimari?
Igenamigambi ryiza ryimari ririmo gusobanukirwa nibiciro bikosowe kandi bihinduka. Dore gusenyuka:
Ibiciro byagenwe : Ibi birimo ikiguzi cyimashini, ubutaka cyangwa uruganda, hamwe nibiciro byambere.
Amafaranga ahinduka : Harimo ibikoresho fatizo, umurimo, ibikorwa, no kubungabunga.
Ibikoresho fatizo nka Polypropylene mubisanzwe bisaba amafaranga ibihumbi 10-12 kuri kg.
Ibiciro byumurimo biterwa nurwego rwimashini zawe; Imashini zuzuye zisaba imirimo mito, kugabanya ibiciro bitandukanye.
3. Ibisabwa n'amategeko n'amategeko
Ni izihe mpapuro no kwiyandikisha?
Gutangira ubucuruzi budahambiriye gukora imifuka busaba kubona impushya ninshi zo gukora byemewe n'amategeko. Harimo:
Kwiyandikisha mu bucuruzi : Andika ubucuruzi bwawe hamwe n'inzego z'ibanze.
Uruhushya rwubucuruzi : shaka uruhushya rwubucuruzi rwo gukora ubucuruzi bwawe byemewe n'amategeko.
Kwiyandikisha kwa GST : Kwiyandikisha kuri GST kugirango ukurikize amategeko yimisoro.
Uruhushya rwuruganda : Birasabwa niba ushyiraho ishami rishinzwe gukora.
Inshingano y'ibidukikije : Shaka icyemezo cya Objection (Noc) kuva muri Minisiteri ishinzwe umwanda.
Icyemezo cyumutekano wumuriro : Menya neza ko ikigo cyawe gitera amabwiriza yumutekano wumuriro.
Kwemeza kubahiriza aya mabwiriza ntabwo atuma ubucuruzi bwawe bwemewe n'amategeko ariko nanone bwubaka hamwe nabakiriya nabafatanyabikorwa.
Umwanzuro
Incamake y'ingingo z'ingenzi
Guhitamo iburyo bufite igikapu kidafite imbaraga zirimo ibintu byinshi bikomeye. Ubwa mbere, sobanukirwa ubwoko bwimifuka ukeneye kubyara no kwemeza ko imashini ihujwe. Suzuma ubushobozi bwo gukora kugirango uhuze igipimo cyawe cyubucuruzi, cyaba gito cyangwa kinini. Reba urwego rwo kwikora, gupima ibyiza nibibi bya emi-Automatic na Imashini zikora. Ingengo yimari ni ngombwa, bihutira gushora imari yambere nibiciro bikomeje. Menya neza ko haboneka kandi ikiguzi cyibikoresho fatizo nka polypropylene. Hanyuma, hitamo uruganda ruzwi ruzwi ku mashini nziza kandi bashyigikiye abakiriya bizewe.
Inama zanyuma
Kugirango ukemure neza kandi neza kugirango ubucuruzi bwawe budahambiriye:
Kora ubushakashatsi bunoze : Sobanukirwa isoko ryawe, menya abakiriya bawe bagenewe, hanyuma uhitemo imashini ihura nibi bikenewe.
Tegura amafaranga : Tanga ingengo yimari yawe neza, upfundikire amafaranga ake kandi ahinduka. Tekereza ku mafaranga maremare hanyuma utegure ibiciro bitunguranye.
Menya neza : Kubona Impushya zose zikenewe kandi wujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango ukore neza kandi wubake kwizera hamwe nabakiriya.
Hitamo abafatanyabikorwa bizewe : Korana nabakora ibyuma bizwi hamwe nabatanga isoko kugirango babone imashini nziza nibikoresho.
Guma byoroshye : Hitamo imashini yemerera kuyitunganya no guterwa no gukomera kumenyera guhindura isoko.
