Intshayelelo yongcoliseko lweplastiki
Iplastiki yaphindaphindekelwa kwihlabathi, inika izisombululo ezivela kwimpilo yezempilo kwizindlu. Ukanti, indawo yayo ebekade izenze inqaba. Yintsomi yamacala amabini: Lungelelanile kunye nesiphumo. Iplastiki yePlasitiki yeplastiki inkulu. Ngaphezulu kwe-4,5 yezigidi zeerandi ezivelisiweyo, ngeqhezu elineqhezu elihlaziyiweyo. Iilwandle, izilwanyana zasendle, kunye nomhlaba kunye nomhlaba ubhenela. Isikali sisoyikisa kodwa esazi i-spurs pursser.plation ungcoliseko ayisiyonto nje yokusingqongileyo; I-alarm yentlalo. Ichaphazela ubomi baselwandle, ingenayo imixokelelwane yokutya, kwaye ichaphazela impilo yethu. Ukujongana nayo kubalulekile kwimpilo yethu yeplanethi kunye nezethu.
Ukunyuka kwemveliso yeplastiki
Imbali: Ukusuka kwi-bakelite ukuya kwiibhiliyoni zeetoni
Uhambo lweplastiki lwaqala ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20. I-Bokelite, yaqanjwa ngo-1907, yayilokuqala iplastiki yokuqala yezokwenziwa. Iphawula ukuqala kwexesha elitsha. Kwiminyaka engamashumi eminyaka, ukuvelisa imveliso yeplastiki eyakhiwe, ukuguqula amashishini kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Imveliso yeplasti yehlabathi jikelele kwiminyaka
Imveliso yeplastiki ikhule kakhulu. Ngo-1950, ukuveliswa kwehlabathi kwakuyi-2 yeetoni. Ngo-2015, kwakufika ngaphezulu kwe-380 yeetoni ngonyaka. Olu chiko lubonisa ukuthembela kwethu kwiplastiki kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Ikrele elingenaphindwe kabini kweplastiki
Intengiselwano yeplastiki yenzuzo yazisa iingenelo ezininzi - izinto ezilula, ukuqina, kunye nokuqalisa. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zibonelelo zivela kunye nokuzibamba okukhulu. Ungcoliseko oluqhubekayo kunye nomonakalo wokusingqongileyo zezona zinto zibalulekileyo namhlanje.
Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yenkunkuma yeplastiki
Ubomi baselwandle kunye ne-ecosystems phantsi kwesongelo
Inkunkuma yeplastiki iye yangena iilwandlekazi zethu. Ibamba ubomi base-rine, ukutshintsha kwe-ecosystem. Ii-microplassics, amasuntswana amancinci, azingozi kakhulu. Bayifumana i-toxins kwaye bathunyelwa zizilwanyana, bangene kwikhonkco lokutya.
Ukuphazamiseka kwee -Microplaspics ze-microplastics kukho iziqwenga ezingaphantsi kwe-5mm ubukhulu. Zivela kwi-bybric enkulu yeplastiki kunye nee-microbeads kwi-cosmetics. La masuntswana athanjiswe zizinto eziphilayo, obangela ukwenzakala emzimbeni kunye nongcoliseko lweekhemikhali.
I-Actlelent kunye nokuThengiswa kwezinto zeZilwanyana zasendle kwi-Fepric Bladris sisisongelo esibi kwizilwanyana zasendle. Izilwanyana zinokubanjiswa, zikhokelela ekulimaleni okanye ekufeni. I-INVEST inobungozi ngokulinganayo, njengoko inokuthintela iinkqubo zokugaya kwaye azise iityhefu kwizinto eziphilayo.
Ukugcwalisa umhlaba kunye nelifa lenkunkuma yeplastiki
Ubomi obude beplastiki sisiqalekiso sendawo yokugcwala komhlaba. Iqhubeka kangangeenkulungwane, uthatha indawo. Iindawo zokugcwalisa umhlaba yiTestamente kwiNkcubeko yamaTrowawa, apho uMdali uza kwixabiso eliphakamileyo lokusiNgqongileyo.
Ububele beplastiki kwiplastiki yeplastiki ye-LandFIRD ayihlali; Ifoto yefoto, iqhekeza iziqwenga ezinamachaphaza amancinci amancinci. Le nkqubo ikhupha imichiza eyingozi, ingcolise umhlaba kunye nemithombo yamanzi yamakhulu eminyaka.
Ukunikezela ngeekhemikhali zetyhefu njengeeplagrafiki zePlastiki, zibale imichiza ezinokubona emhlabeni. Ezi toxins zinokuphazamisa i-ecosystem kwaye zibeka emngciphekweni kwimpilo yabantu. Ukuphelisa yinto yetyhefu ethe cwaka, isasazeka ngokuthe ngcembe ngenxa yendalo.
I-Oceans 'I-Oceffrers
Iitoni zeplastiki zokungena kwiilwandlekazi ngonyaka
Izigidi zeetoni zeplastiki zenza indlela yethu kwiilwandle zethu nyaka ngamnye. Eli nani libuhlungu sisiphumo solawulo lwenkunkuma engonelanga. Impembelelo ifikelela kude, echaphazela ubomi baselwandle kunye ne-ecosystem.
I-patch enkulu ye-pacific
I-Afloat kwiPasifiki ilele indawo enkulu, i-pacific enkulu yenkunkuma yenkunkuma. Yi-gyre ye-phyript yeplastiki, ukususela kumakhulu eekhilomitha. Le patch sisikhumbuzo esibuhlungu sendlela yethu yeplastiki kunye neziphumo zayo.
Iinkqubo zemilambo: Igalelo eliphambili kungcoliseko lolwandle
Emilambo isebenza njengokuhamba ngeenxa zonke emhlabeni ukuya elwandle. Bangabancedisi ababalulekileyo kungcoliseko lolwandle. I-akhawunti ye-1 000 ye-1,000 ye-80% yomhlaba weplastine yomilanje elwandle. Ukuthetha oku kufuna ukugxila kwizisombululo zolawulo lwenkunkuma yenkunkuma.
Ingxaki yolawulo lwenkunkuma yehlabathi
I-0.5% eyenza umahluko we-100%
I-0.5% yenkunkuma yeplastiki iphele kwiilwandle zethu. Le pesenti inokubonakala incinci, kodwa ifuthe layo liyimibala. Imela izigidi zeetoni ezichaphazela ubomi baselwandle kunye ne-ecosystem. Eli qhezu lifuna i-100% yeNtlanganiso yethu kunye neNkqubo.
Ukuphathwa gwenxa kwenkunkuma yeplastiki
Inkunkuma yeplastiki yintlekele yehlabathi enesithuthukuthezi. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yeplastiki ayifunwanga kwaye itshisiwe. Ihlala inyukele kwindawo yokugcwala komhlaba okanye, imbi kakhulu, kwindawo yendalo.
Ayinyanzelekanga, engadibaniyo, kunye ne-UNALD -I-UNALD-IXESHA LOKUGQIBELA IXESHA LOKUGQIBELA LWE-PARCTALKILTENTION. Le nkunkuma ayizihlaziywanga, itshiswe, okanye igcinwe kwindawo yomhlaba otywiniweyo. Iba sengozini yokungcoliseka kwendalo, ihlala ifumana indlela yayo kwiindlela zamanzi kunye neelwandlekazi.
Utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nongcoliseko lweplastiki: Ikamva elinemva
Imveliso yegesi yeGreenhouse kwimveliso yeplastiki
Ubomi beplastiki buqala ngokukhutshelwa kwegesi eluhlaza. Ukuvelisa ukhupha i-CO2, igalelo eliphambili kutshintsho lwemozulu. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukukhupha kunye nokuhlaziya i-fossil fuels, ekhupha izixa ezibalulekileyo kwezi gesi.
Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okukhupha i-foslil fuel
Ibali elivela kwiplastiki libotshelelwe phantsi kwehlaselo. Ukukhupha i-fossil fuels kuhlala kukhokelela ekususeni kwamahlathi. Oku akukhuphela nje ikhabhoni egciniweyo kodwa kunciphisa amandla omhlaba ukufunxa i-CO2, ukwandisa utshintsho lwemozulu.
I-Methane ye-Methane isuka kwiLandfills
Xa iplastiki iphelela kwindawo yomhlaba, inegalelo kukhuphiswano lwe-methane. Njengoko iiplastiki zaphuka, bakhulula i-thathane, igesi eluhlaza eluhlaza. I-Landfills zomhlaba zibalulekile, kodwa zihlala zityhafile, umthombo wokukhutshelwa kwi-Equintration I-Equation.
Iziphumo zempilo zabantu
I-microplastics kwikhonkco lethu lokutya
I-microplastics ingene kwikhonkco lethu lokutya. Ifunyenwe kwi-olwandle laselwandle, zenza indlela yabo kwiipleyiti zethu. Oku kubonakaliswa kusenza umngcipheko ongaziwayo, njengoko iziphumo zexesha elide kwimpilo yabantu zisezakuqondwa ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuvezwa kwemichiza kunye nengozi yempilo
Iplastiki ineechemicals eziyingozi, kubandakanya nabaphazamisi be-endocrine. Ukunikezela kwiimveliso zeplastiki, ezi khemikhali zinokungcolisa ukutya namanzi. Zinxulunyaniswa noluhlu lwemicimbi yezempilo, ukusuka ekungalingani kweHormonal kwiingxaki zokuzala.
I-Bread Badder: Ii-microplassics kumalungu omntu
Izifundo zamva nje ziye zafumana i-microplastics kumalungu omntu. Lo mhlaseli othuleyo unokuba yinkxalabo yempilo elandelayo. Ubukho bamachaphamiphu bubonisa ukuba ungcoliseko lweplastiki ayisiyonto nje yokusingqongileyo kodwa isoyikiso ngqo kwimpilo yabantu.
Izicwangciso zexesha elizayo
Intshukumo nganye yotshintsho
Ukukhetha umntu ngamnye kungakhokelela kutshintsho oluhlanganisiweyo. Ngokukhetha ezinye iindlela ezinokuphinda-phinda, sinokusicheba kakhulu kwiplastiki. Iingxowa ezinokuphinda zifumaneke, iibhotile zamanzi, kunye neziqulatho zingamanyathelo asebenzayo ukusuka kwindlela yokuphila yasimahla yeplastiki.
Ezinye iindlela ezinokutshintshela kwezinye izinto ezinokuphinda zisebenze sisenzo esilula kodwa esinamandla. Inciphisa ukuthembela kwindiza yokusebenzisa enye, eyeyona mithombo yongcoliseko.
Ukunciphisa iplasitiki yokusebenzisa enye emva kokubuyiselwa kweplastiki yokusetyenziswa enye kubalulekile. Oku kubandakanya izinto ezinjengeengca, i-cutlery, neemveliso ezisongelweyo zeplastiki. Ukuncitshiswa ezincinci kongeza kwimpembelelo ebalulekileyo.
Inkxaso yoLuntu kunye neNkxaso yoLuntu
Uluntu kunye noorhulumente banendima ebaluleke kakhulu ekubumbeni ikamva leplastiki. Imigaqo-nkqubo exhasayo kunye namanyathelo oluntu aqhuba utshintsho olukhulu.
Iingxowa zeplastiki zeplastiki zeplastiki ziyinto eqhelekileyo nesebenzayo. Ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo kwaye kunciphisa ungcoliseko lweplastiki.
Inkxaso kuqoqosho lwesetyhula uqoqosho olukhawulezileyo lukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona kwezinto. Ukuxhasa la manyathelo kunceda ukuvala i-loop kwinkunkuma yeplastiki, ikhuthaza inkqubo engazinzileyo.
Amandla enyathelo ngokudibeneyo
Amanyathelo nentsebenziswano
Amanyathelo okuqala kwilizwe lonke Ubambiswano, njengePhulo leZizwe eziManyeneyo, i-Deverion Bantsenofition. Ezi nzame zijolise ekunciphiseni inkunkuma yeplastiki kwaye zikhuthaze iindlela ezizinzileyo kwihlabathi liphela.
Uxanduva lwendibaniselwano kunye nezinto ezintsha
Amashishini abambe isitshixo sezinto ezintsha kulawulo lwenkunkuma. Ngokwamkela uxanduva lwendibaniselwano, iinkampani zinokuphuhlisa ezinye iindlela ze-eco-gesi. Indima yabo ekudaleni iimveliso ezizinzileyo ibaluleke kakhulu kwikamva elingasimahla.
Iphulo lezeMfundo kunye nokwazisa
Imfundo yibhedi yotshintsho. Iphulo lokwazisa lazisa uluntu malunga neengozi zokungcoliseka kweplastiki. Bakhuthaza isenzo kunye negqwetha lokutshintshela kwengqondo ukuya kuthi ga ngokugcina okuzinzileyo noxanduva.
Ukujongana nengxaki yehlabathi yongcoliseko lweplastiki, sihlolisise ukunyuka kweplastiki kwimveliso yeplastiki, impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kude nendawo efikelela kwindalo, kunye nolwalamano oluthile lokusingqongileyo, kunye notshintsho lwemozulu. Incoko ibalaselisa indima ebaluleke kakhulu yolawulo lwenkunkuma ngokufanelekileyo, ngakumbi kumazwe anengeniso ephakathi, kwaye igxininise ukuba ubukho bothusayo be-microplastics kwikhonkco lokutya kunye nemingcipheko yabo yempilo. Sikwaxubushele ukubaluleka kwezenzo ezithile, inkxaso yoluntu, uxanduva lwendibaniselwano, kunye namanyathelo okuqala ekuqhubeni intshukumo edibeneyo, kwikamva elisimahla lekamva. Incoko yababini igxininisa imfuno yomzamo oqinisekisiweyo wokungena, ukunciphisa, kwaye iphinde isebenzise indlela yethu yokuphuma kule meko yemeko yokusingqongileyo, iqinisekisa iplanethi yezempilo kubo bonke.
Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nesi sihloko, ungabhekisa kwezi zixhobo:
