Opanga Makina Opambana 10 Padziko Lonse Lofalitsa makampani amakono amadalira makina osindikiza. Zida zodziwika bwino izi, zopangidwa kuti zisamutse zolemba ndi zithunzi za magawo osiyanasiyana, ndi msana wa zinthu zosindikizidwa, kuphatikizapo mabuku, manyuzipepala, mapepala, ndi zida zotsatsira. Monga matekinoloje osindikizira apita, osindikiza makina akupitilizabe kupanga. Makampani awa amapikisana ndi kupanga bwino, moyenera, komanso makina osinthasintha kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana.
Makina osindikiza amatha kugawidwa mumitundu inayi: Yosanja Litagraphy, kusindikiza kwama digito, kudzitukumula, komanso kusindikiza kolala.
Makina Ofunika-
Opanga Opamwamba : Opanga makina osindikizira osindikizira amasindikiza amapanga zida zingapo zosindikizira, kuphatikizapo zigawo zingapo, kuphatikiza, komanso kusindikiza, ndikuwaloleza, ndi kutsatsa.
Mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi : Makampani otsogolera padziko lonse lapansi a alclemaschinen AG, koenug & bauer, ndi HP Inc. amalamulira msika wamakina osindikiza padziko lonse lapansi.
Kupanga ukadaulo kumanditsanzira : Makampani osindikiza ndi opikisana, ndi makampani omwe amayesetsa kupanga mofulumira, moyenera, komanso makina osindikizira chilengedwe kuti akwaniritse zofuna zamabizinesi amakono.
Pansipa pali makina opanga makina osindikiza malinga ndi ndalama zomwe adalemba chaka chathachi. Mndandandawu umaphatikizapo zogulitsa za zida zosindikizira ndi digito. Makampani ena amatha kufotokozera ndalama pamachitidwe osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri.
| Kampani dzina la | kampani | yokhazikitsa chaka | chachikulu |
| Oyang | Mbale | 2006 | Makina osindikiza osindikizira, makina osindikiza a digito, makina osindikizira osindikiza |
| Heidelbelg madera a ag | Ku Germany | 1850 | Makina osindikizira, makina osindikiza a digito |
| Koenig & bauer aga | Ku Germany | 1817 | Makina osinthika, makina osindikiza a digito |
| Komoni Corporation | Jachin | 1923 | Zosindikizidwa zamakina za digito |
| Manroland agombe | Ku Germany | 1845 | Makina osindikizira pa intaneti |
| Burforation | United States | 1906 | Makina osindikizira a digito, osindikiza magawo angapo |
| Canon Inc. | Jachin | 1937 | Makina osindikiza a digito, osindikiza a Larse |
| Bobst gulu sa | Switzerland | 1890 | Kusinthasintha, kusindikiza kwama digito, zida za pakompyuta |
| Gulu la Agfaert | Beelgium | 1867 | Makina osindikiza a digito, mayankho osindikizira a InkJet |
| HP In. | United States | 1939 | Makina osindikiza a digito, osindikiza kwambiri |
1. Oyang
Revenue (TTM) : ₩ 401.9 biliyoni (~ $ 301 miliyoni)
Chuma Chuma (TTM) : ₩ 16.53 biliyoni (~ $ 12.4 miliyoni)
Cap Cap : ₩ 89.52 biliyoni (~ $ 67 miliyoni)
Kukula kwa Revenue (yoy) : 3.83%
Zogulitsa zazikulu : Makina osindikizira osindikizira, makina osindikiza a digito, makina osindikizira osindikiza
Ganizirani : Kucheza kwa eco-ochezeka, mayankho okhazikika
Chiyambi :
Oyang akutsogolera kusindikiza kwa Othandizira padziko lonse lapansi, wotchuka chifukwa cha ntchito zatsopano zopanga ndi zapamwamba. Kukhazikika ndikudzipereka kuchita bwino, masitepe osiyanasiyana osindikiza, kuphatikizapo kutsitsidwa, kusindikiza kwama digito, ndi chachikulu. Kampaniyo imagwiritsa ntchito malo osokoneza bongo, kuchokera kumabizinesi ang'onoang'ono mpaka mabungwe akuluakulu, kupereka njira zogwiritsira ntchito zogwiritsira ntchito chilichonse kuchokera pazakudya zothetsa zinthu zomaliza ndi zotsatsa.
Tekinolo ya Oyang-O-O-O-O-Act amaonetsetsa bwino, ndikupangitsa kukhala mnzake yemwe amakonda mabizinesi kufunafuna ntchito zodalirika komanso zotsika mtengo. Poyang'ana kwambiri, oyang amaphatikiza ndi ma eco-ochezeka amagwira ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito zobwezerezedwanso komanso zinsinsi zachilengedwe. Kampaniyo imanyadira ndi ntitination yake ya ISO, yomwe imatsimikizira kudzipereka kwake kwa kasamalidwe kabwino ndi udindo wamalamulo.
Kwa zaka zambiri, Oyang yatha kufikira misika yapadziko lonse, ndi likulu ku Asia ndi malo opanga padziko lonse lapansi kuti awonetsetse bwino. Kudzipereka kwa Oyang ku chikhumbo cha makasitomala ndi kuchepetsedwa kwamphamvu kwalimbitsa mbiri yake kukhala dzina lodalirika posindikiza. Malipoti aboma akuwonetsa kukula, ndi kampani yokwaniritsa ndalama zoposa $ 500 miliyoni m'zaka zapitazi.
Chithandizo cha Flaikulu
Lemekezani makina osindikizira
Njira Yothandiza ndi Yokhazikika
Anzeru komanso olondola osindikizira
Kupita patsogolo, ndi kachitidwe kouma kwachilengedwe
Zida zodalirika, zodalirika
Makina osindikiza a digito
Mapepala a Oyang Inkjet Pepala Loguliza Makina Osindikiza Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Mwapadera pamapepala ndi mapepala osindikizira a Per, makinawa amatha kuthandiza makasitomala osungirako zinthu zazing'ono komanso zambiri.
2. Heidelberg Drumaschinen AG
Revenue (ttm) : € 2.44 biliyoni
Chuma Chuma (TTM) : € 76.3 miliyoni
Cap Cap : € 750 miliyoni
Kubweza Kwachaka chimodzi : 10.5%
Kusinthana : Frankfurt Stock Exchange
Chiyambi :
Heidelberg Marckarchinn Ag, omwe amakhazikitsidwa mu 1850, ndi opanga ku Germany yosindikiza yosindikiza yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha utsogoleri wawo mu makina osindikizira. Kampaniyo yachulukitsa zopereka zake ku kusindikiza digito, njira zokha, ndi mapulogalamu ogulitsira. Heimulberg amatsindika za zatsopano, zolimbitsa thupi, ndi zokhazokha zapangitsa kuti wosewera bwino muukadaulo kusindikiza. Zimangoyang'ananso pamagetsi othandiza, monga makina osokoneza bongo-osalowerera, akufuna kuthandiza mashopu osindikizira amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa nthaka ndikuwonjezera mphamvu.
Chithandizo cha Flaikulu
Freemaster XL 106
Wothamanga : Imapereka mtundu wina wosindikiza bwino kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chapamwamba pazosindikiza zosindikizira. Ndi ubongo wake wanzeru komanso ukadaulo wodula, kuthamanga kwa Xl 106 kumatsimikizira nthawi yokhazikitsa, ndikuchepetsa nthawi yochepa. Makinawo amalola kuti azisamalira magawo osiyanasiyana, kuchokera papepala kupita, ndikupanga kukhala yabwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana zosindikizidwa. Heimulberg amayang'ana kwambiri pa ntchito ndi magwiridwe ake amapanga malonda amsika.
3. Koenig & bauer AG
Revenue (TTM) : € 1.2 biliyoni
Chuma Chuma (TTM) : € 58.1 miliyoni
Msika wa msika : € 700 miliyoni
Kubweza Kwachaka chimodzi : 12.3%
Kusinthana : Frankfurt Stock Exchange
Chiyambi :
Koenig & bauer aga, okhazikitsidwa mu 1817, ndiye wopanga wakale kwambiri wosindikiza padziko lapansi. Kukhazikika ku Germany, kampaniyo imapereka matekinoloje angapo osindikizira, kuphatikizapo zigawo zosindikizira, kuphatikiza makina. Koenig & bauer imawonedwa bwino kwambiri mu gawo la malo odulira, ndikupanga ukadaulo wodula wodula pa chitsulo, galasi, ndi pulasitiki. Kampaniyo ikupitilira ndalama zambiri pakufufuza ndi chitukuko kuti ibweretse kusintha kwa digito ndi muyeso ya makina osindikiza.
Chithandizo cha Flaikulu
Rapida 106 x
Koenig & Bauer's Greater 106 x ndi makina osindikizidwa osindikizidwa osindikizidwa odziwika bwino ndi masinthidwe ake. Zopangidwa kuti zisindikize bwino kwambiri, zimatha kudulira ma state okwana 20,000 pa ola limodzi. Magulu ake owongolera mtundu wake wowongolera onetsetsani kuti kusindikiza kulikonse kumakwaniritsa miyezo yotsimikizika. Rapia 106 X ndi yoyenera magwiridwe osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ma CD ndi kusindikiza kwamalonda, kupereka nthawi yosintha mwachangu ndi ntchito yogwira ntchito mphamvu. Makinawa adapeza mbiri yoperekera ndalama zosindikizira ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchito, ndikupangitsa kuti azikonda pakati pa osindikiza akulu.
4. Komori Corporation
Revenue (ttm) : ¥ 83.4 biliyoni
Chuma Chuma (TTM) : ¥ 5.2 biliyoni
Msika wa msika : ¥ 110 biliyoni
Kubweza Kwa Chaka Chimodzi Kubwerera Kwambiri : 6.9%
Kusinthana : Tokyo Stock Exchange
Chiyambi :
Wokhazikitsidwa mu 1923, Komori Corporation ndi wopanga ku Japan yemwe anali wodziwika bwino ndi makina osindikiza a digito. Komori amadziwika kuti makina ake opangidwa ndi masamba opangidwa ndi masamba opangidwa ndi masamba ambiri, omwe amawonedwa ngati akampani yosindikiza. Kampaniyi imaperekanso mayankho a digito opeza ndi kusindikiza mafakitale. Komori amayang'ana zokhazokha komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ngati mtsogoleri wosindikiza, ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri, akupititsa patsogolo kusindikiza, kunyamula, ndi kusindikiza kosiyanasiyana.
Chithandizo cha Flaikulu
Lithrone g40
Lithrone G40 kuchokera ku Komori Corporation ndiogulitsa bwino kwambiri kusindikiza, kupereka mtundu wonse wosindikiza ndi zokolola. Makinawa adapangidwira kusindikiza kwambiri pamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndikupangitsa kukhala koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zamalonda komanso ma Paketi. Mawonekedwe ake otsogola ndi mawonekedwe odzikongoletsera mwachangu akuwonetsetsa zochepa zotsikira komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri, kulola kupanga kwakukulu komwe kwatulutsa. Lithrone G40 imakhalanso ndi njira zodulira zoletsedwa zomwe zimasuntha bwino pamayendedwe osindikizira. Pomori amayang'ana pachabe chatsopano amapanga makinawa kusankha apamwamba mu malonda.
5. Manroland a Manroland
Revenue (TTM) : € 210 miliyoni
Chuma Chuma (TTM) : Osawululidwa
Cap Cap : Zachinsinsi
Kubweza Kwachaka chimodzi : osagwiritsa ntchito (zachinsinsi)
Kusinthana : Zachinsinsi
Chiyambi :
Makina a Manroland agonjetsani, chifukwa cha kuphatikiza pakati pa manroland ndipo kampani inanso ku Germany, ndi kampani yaku Germany yaku Germany yopanga makina osindikizira. Kampaniyo imayang'ana pa nyuzipepala, zamalonda, ndi madera osindikizira, akupereka njira zambiri, zazikulu zosindikizira. Ndi kupezeka kwapadziko lonse lapansi, kutchuka kwa manroland kubveratu chifukwa chopereka, kuphatikizapo kubwezeretsa ndi kukonza kuti akweze makina akale. Ukadaulo wawo mu mafakitale osindikizira amawapangitsa kuti azisewera kwambiri pamsika wa Webusayiti.
Chithandizo cha Flaikulu
Linin
Lithoman ndi chinthu chotsogola chopangidwa ndi manroms pa intaneti, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi luso lake lantchito. Phatikizali ndi yabwino ntchito yayikulu yosindikiza, monga manyuzipepala, zigawenga, ndi magazini. Lithoman imaperekanso zothamanga kwambiri komanso mtundu wowoneka bwino, ndikupangitsa kuti akonzekere mabizinesi akuyang'ana kuti athetse zotsatirapo. Mapangidwe a dongosololo amalola kutengera kutengera zofuna zopanga, kuwunika kusinthasintha ndikusinthasintha m'misika yosintha. Kudalirika kwake komanso kuchita bwino kumapangitsa kuti ikhale bwino mu gawo losindikiza la intaneti.
6. Xerox Corporation
Revenue (ttm) : $ 7.1 biliyoni
Chuma Chuma (TTM) : $ 150 miliyoni
Chuma Cap : $ 3.1 biliyoni
Kubweza Kwachaka chimodzi : -1.2%
Kusinthana : Nyse
Chiyambi :
Wokhazikitsidwa mu 1906, Xerox Corporation ndi kampani yaku America yomwe imadziwika kwambiri pochita ziwonetsero zithunzi ndi zosindikizira zambiri. Masiku ano, Xerox ndi wosewera wamkulu mu makina osindikiza a digito komanso ntchito zosindikizidwa. Dera la XEROX limaphatikizapo kupanga osindikizira osindikizira osindikizira osindikiza malonda, komanso osindikiza ofesi. Xerox ikupitiliza kufooketsa njira yochezeka yochezeka, kuphatikizapo osindikiza okwera kwambiri omwe amachepetsa mphamvu ndi zinyalala. Kampani imabweretsanso pakukula kwa matekinoloje atsopano, monga kusindikiza kwa 3 ndi inkjet.
Chithandizo cha Flaikulu
Xerox Invedese Press
Makina osindikizira a Xerox Invidese omwe amasindikizidwa ndi Xerox apamwamba kwambiri, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi osindikiza a digito. Pulogalamuyi imapereka mtundu wapadera wosindikiza mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yomwe ili pagawo limodzi, kuphatikizapo ma inks. Kusintha kwake kumalola kupanga maulendo apamwamba kwambiri ndi malingaliro owoneka bwino, kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zotchuka pantchito zosindikiza zapadera ngati timabuku, makilaketi, ndi kutsatsa zida. Chiwonetsero cham'madzi chimakhalanso ndi zida zokha komanso zida zapamwamba zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zokolola zikhale bwino. Kudzipereka kwa Xerox kuzatsopano ndi kusindikiza kusindikiza kumapangitsa kuti asindikize izi.
7. Canon Inc.
Revenue (ttm) : ¥ 3.56 trillion
Chuma Chuma (TTM) : ¥ 222.8 biliyoni
Msika wa msika : ¥ 4.3 thililiyoni
Kubwezeretsa Kwakachaka chimodzi : 5.2%
Kusinthana : Tokyo Stock Exchange
Chiyambi :
Canon Inc. Chovala chachikulu cha Canon Cresfolio chimafikira osindikiza oyendetsa ndege ku Ogalumu ku ofesi yayikulu kwambiri pamakina osindikizidwa kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posindikiza malonda. Kampaniyo imadziwika chifukwa cha kupita kwake ku inkit ndi ukadaulo wa laser, komanso kudzipereka kwake kukhazikika. Canon akupitilizabe kukulitsa mayankho ake osindikizira, kupereka ntchito zochokera ku mitambo ndi zinthu zothandiza kwambiri kuti zikwaniritse zofuna zamabizinesi amakono.
Chithandizo cha Flaikulu
Chithunzi cha C10010vP
cha Canon C10010vp Chithunzi ndiyabwino kwambiri mu malo osindikiza a digito, kupereka mtundu wosindikiza wapadera kuti mugwire ntchito. Makinawa adapangidwa kuti azigulitsa malonda osindikizira omwe akufuna kubweretsa zosindikizidwa zambiri popanda kuperekera ulemu. Ndi kayendetsedwe kaumwini ndi makina achangu, chithunzithunzi c10010vp chimawonetsa mosasinthasintha, kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa ma media pamafashoni. Cholinga cha Canon pa kusinthasintha komanso kudalirika, kuphatikiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osuta, kumapangitsa kuti malonda omwe amasamulira mabizinesi omwe akufuna kuti athetse njira zosindikizira zamagetsi.
8. Bobst Guwal SA
Revenue (TTM) : CHF 1.7 biliyoni
Chuma Chuma (TTM) : CHF 110 miliyoni
Chuma : CHF 1.5 biliyoni
Kubweza Kwachaka chimodzi : 8.5%
Kusinthana : Kusinthana kwa Swiss Swiss Swiss
Chiyambi :
Yokhazikitsidwa mu 1890 ndi miyala yamiyala ku Switzerland, Bobst Ground SA ndi otsogolera ogulitsa ndi zida zosindikizira zosindikiza. Makina a Bobst kusinthika, digito, komanso makina osindikiza omwe amapangidwira kuti akwaniritse ntchito. Zida zawo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga chakudya ndi chakumwa, mankhwala opangira mankhwala, ndi katundu wogula. Bobst imadziwikanso chifukwa chazomwe zimapangidwa ukadaulo wosindikiza digito, zomwe zimalola mayankho apamwamba, osinthika.
Chithandizo cha Flaikulu
M6 FLEXO PRESS
The Bobst M6 FALXO Prector ndiogulitsa bwino kwambiri pagawo losinthika, kupereka mphamvu yayikulu ndi kusindikiza mtundu. Makina osindikizira awa amapangidwira ntchito zazifupi komanso zapakatikati, ndikupanga kukhala koyenera kuyika opanga omwe akuwoneka kuti akutha nthawi yayitali. Phrikali ya BEHXO imagwiritsa ntchito ma digito apamwamba kuti mupange kusinthasintha kwa kusinthanitsa, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka ndikusintha kukonza. Itha kusindikiza magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mafilimu osinthika ndi zilembo, ndikupangitsa kukhala kosinthana. Kudzipereka kwa Bobst ku Zatsopano Zatsopano ndi Ma Eco-ochezeka apanga chisankho chapamwamba kwambiri pa makampani apadziko lonse lapansi.
9. Gulu la Agfaert
Revenue (ttm) : € 1.76 biliyoni
Chuma Chuma (TTM) : € 34 miliyoni
Msika wa msika : € 520 miliyoni
Kubweza Kwachaka chimodzi : 3.2%
Kusinthana : Luso la Juronet Brussels
Chiyambi :
Gulu la Agifali, lochokera ku Belgium, litakhala ndi chibwenzi chakutali mpaka 1867 ndipo limadziwika ndiukadaulo woganiza ndi mayankho osindikizira. Kampaniyo ndi mtsogoleri wa makina osindikizira a digito ndi inkjet, ndikumatsatira misika yonse ya mafakitale komanso malonda. Maukadaulo osindikiza a Eco-ochezeka a Agfa, monga m'matanki osindikizidwa amadzi, amakhazikitsidwa kwambiri popanga, zolembedwa, ndi chizindikiro & kuwonetsa ntchito. Kampaniyi imangoyang'ana zatsopano komanso kukhalabe ndi moyo wathandiza kukhalabe ndi kupezeka kwamphamvu pantchito yosindikiza yapadziko lonse.
Chithandizo cha Flaikulu
Jetes tauro h3300
ya Agandi ya AGITO H3300 Jeti ndi chinthu chotsogola pamsika wosindikizidwa ndi mitundu yambiri, yomwe imadziwika ndi kapangidwe kake kake ndi zotulutsa zapamwamba. Chosindikiza cha hybrid ichi chimatha kupanga mawonekedwe ambiri okhazikika pamafayilo okhazikika komanso osinthika, ndikupanga kukhala yabwino kusaina ndikuwonetsa mapulogalamu. Ndiukadaulo wapamwamba wokongoletsa, jetes tauro imatsimikizira mitundu yokhazikika komanso zosindikiza zazitali, ngakhale kuthamanga kwambiri. Makina a makinawo, kuphatikizapo njira zodyetsa mosalekeza, kuwonjezera zokolola ndikuchepetsa ndalama. Cholinga cha Agfa pazatsopano ndi kusungika chimapangitsa jete tauro h3300 wogulitsa.
10. HP In.
Revenue (ttm) : $ 56.6 biliyoni
Chuma Chuma (TTM) : $ 3.4 Biliyoni
Chuma Cap : $ 33.2 biliyoni
Kubweza Kwachaka chimodzi : 4.7%
Kusinthana : Nyse
Chiyambi :
HP Inc. Katundu wa kampani ya kampani imachokera kwa osindikiza osindikizira akhama, makina osindikizira digito. Tekinoloji yosindikiza yosindikiza ya HP imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zojambulajambula, zomwe zimapangika, ndi kusindikiza kwakukulu kwa mafakitale. Amadziwika ndiukadaulo wake wodulidwa, HP amatsindika kukhazikika, kupereka zinthu zopangidwa ndi mphamvu komanso mapulogalamu obwerezabwereza a katoliro ndi hardware.
Chithandizo cha Flaikulu
HP indigo 100k digito
HP indigo 100k digito ya digito ndiogulitsa bwino kwambiri pamsika wosindikiza wa digito, kupereka ndalama zokwanira pakati pa zokolola ndi mtundu. Zopangidwa kuti zisindikizo zamalonda, makinawa amathanso kupanga ma sheet 6,000 pa ola limodzi, ndikupanga zabwino kuti zizigwira ntchito kwambiri. The Indigo 100K amapereka mtundu wofanizira wofanana ndi kusinthasintha kwa kusindikiza digito, kumakulitsa zosindikiza zosindikiza zokumana ndi makasitomala osiyanasiyana. Kusintha kwake kumalola kusindikiza magawo osiyanasiyana, kuchokera papepala kupita ku synthetics. Ndi kukhazikika m'maganizo, HP yaphatikiza mawonekedwe ochezeka a Eco-ochezeka, ndikupanga atolankhani awa posankha malo opanga malo owonetsera.
Mapeto
Makina osindikizira omwe amapanga ndi mwala wapangodya wapadziko lonse lapansi, kufalitsa, ndi magawo adokotala. Kuchokera pa digito ya digito ndi kusinthasintha makina osindikizira, opanga awa amapereka zida zofunikira zomwe zimapangitsa kusindikiza kwamagulu ambiri. Mafakitale amafunikira kwambiri makonda ambiri, apamwamba kwambiri, komanso ochezeka, udindo wa matekinolo otsogola wayamba kukayikira kwambiri. Zizindikiro zosindikiza za digito zapititsa patsogolo ntchito yopanga pomwe ikuwonetsetsa kuti ikhale yochepa, ndikupangitsa makinawa kukhala okhazikika mu mafakitale onse a mafakitale ndi malonda.
Zochita zaposachedwa mu makina osindikiza makina opanga zimalimbikitsa kukhazikika komanso kwa muyeso. Malamulo a chilengedwe monga opanga, opanga akupanga makina omwe amachepetsa ik ndi zinyalala zakuthupi, gwiritsani ntchito zida zokhazikika, ndikuthandizira magwiridwe antchito opangira mphamvu. Kupanga Mwalamulo Kupita patsogolo kumeneku kukukonzanso momwe ma bustistasi amafikira kuchuluka, kuwalola kuti akwaniritse zofuna kuti zikule zofuna zawebusayiti ndikutsatira njira zokhazikika.
Kwaupangiri waluso pa polojekiti yanu yosindikiza, funsani Oyang. Akatswiri athu odziwa ntchito adzakuthandizani kuti muthane ndi kapangidwe kake, kusankha kwa zinthu zakuthupi, ndikupanga njira zopangira zotsatira zabwino. Mnzake wokhala ndi oyang kuti achite bwino. Tidzatenga mwayi wanu wopanga gawo lotsatira.
