Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yimifuka idahwitse hamwe nimifuka ya pulasitike ni ngombwa kugirango ufate ibyemezo byuzuye kubyerekeye amahitamo arambye. Ubwoko bwombi bwimifuka bifite imigereka yabo nibibi, bitera ibidukikije, kuramba kwabo, no gukora muburyo butandukanye.
Imifuka idahwitse isanzwe ikozwe muri polypropylene, ubwoko bwa plastike buzunguruka muri fibre kandi buhujwe hamwe. Iyi mifuka izwiho kuramba kwabo, kongera guhura, hamwe ningaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije ugereranije n'imifuka gakondo ya pulasitike. Barashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi kandi akenshi bisubirwamo, bikabahindura uburyo burambye mugihe kirekire.
Ku rundi ruhande, imifuka ya pulasitike, kurundi ruhande, ikozwe muri polyethylene, ubwoko bwa plastike ikomoka kumashyamba yimbeba. Nibiremereye, bihendutse kubyara, kandi byoroshye kubikorwa byo gukoresha. Ariko, ingaruka zabo zidukikije ni ngombwa. Imifuka ya pulasitike itanga umusanzu, ifata imyaka amagana kugirango iboroshe, kandi akenshi ntigasubirwamo neza, biganisha ku byaro bishingiye ku bidukikije.
Icyibandwaho nyamukuru muriyi blog nukugereranya imifuka idakozwe nabi nimifuka ya pulasitike ukurikije ingaruka zibidukikije, kuramba, no gukora. Tuzasesengura uburyo buri bwoko bwimifuka ikora muri utwo turere kandi tugatanga ubushishozi bwo kugufasha guhitamo kurakara. Gusobanukirwa ibi bitandukana birashobora gufasha kugabanya ibidukikije no guteza imbere imyitwarire myinshi ishinzwe abaguzi.
I. Gusobanukirwa imifuka idahwitse
A. Ibisobanuro n'ibikoresho
Imifuka idahwitse ni ubwoko bwimifuka yo guhabwa ibikoresho ikozwe mubitari ibyuma byatanzwe (pp). Bitandukanye nigitambaro gakondo, ibikoresho bidafite imbaraga byakozwe muguhuza fibre hamwe ukoresheje imiti, ubushishozi, ubushyuhe, cyangwa ibintu byoroshye. Ibi bivamo umwenda urambye, yo mu mizi, no kurwanya amazi.
Ibihimbano
Imifuka idahwitse igizwe cyane cyane na polypropylene, ubwoko bwa plastike izwi kubwimbaraga zayo no guhinduka. Fibre muriyi mifuka irazunguruka hanyuma igahurira hamwe, ikora umwenda wigana isura kandi wumve ibikoresho biboshye bitaba ngombwa ko kuboha.
Ibikoresho bisanzwe
PolyproPylene nibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mumifuka idahwitse. Itanga ibyiza byinshi:
Kuramba : Fibropylene fibre ikomeye, irwanya amarira.
Kurwanya Amazi : Imifuka idahabwe PP irashobora kurwanya amazi, bikaba byiza mubihe bitandukanye.
Guhuzwa : Iyi mifuka irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi, kugabanya gukenera plastike imwe.
Eco-Inshuti : Polypropylene ikoreshwa, ishobora gufasha kugabanya ingaruka zibidukikije niba ijugunywe neza.
B. Inzira yo Gukora
Gukora imifuka idahwitse bikubiyemo urukurikirane rwintambwe zihindura ibikoresho fatizo muburyo burambye, bukoreshwa. Iyi nzira itandukanye no kuboha gakondo, kwishingikiriza kubuhanga bubangamira fibre badakeneye kuboha cyangwa kuboha.
Incamake yimikorere idafite akazi
Imifuka idahwitse ikorwa cyane cyane muri polypropylene (pp) fibre. Umusaruro utangirana no gushonga pelletlets ya polypropylene, hanyuma irazimya fibre nziza. Iyi fibre yashyizwe hanze kugirango ikore imiterere y'urubuga. Uru rubuga noneho rukorerwa inzira yo guhuza imyenda yanyuma.
Tekinike ikoreshwa
Ubushyuhe buhuza : Imwe mubuhanga busanzwe ni uguhuza ubushyuhe. Muriki gikorwa, Urubuga rwa fibre ya Polypropylene rwanyuze mumyanda ishyushye. Ubushyuhe bushonga fibre ku ngingo, tubahuye hamwe. Ubu buryo bukora neza kandi bivamo umwenda ukomeye, uhunganya.
Guhuza imiti : Ubundi buryo ni uguhuza imiti, aho umukozi uhuza ukoreshwa kurubuga rwa fibre. Imiti ikora ubumwe hagati ya fibre nkuko byumye cyangwa bikaze. Ubu buryo bwemerera guhinduka muguhindura imbaraga nimiterere yimyenda.
Guhuza imashini : Gutunganya imashini, nko gukubita urushinge, bikubiyemo kwishora kumubiri fibre. Inshinge punch binyuze kurubuga rwa fibre, uhagarike fibre. Ubu buhanga bwongerera imbaraga kandi iramba.
II. Gusobanukirwa imifuka ya pulasitike
A. Ibisobanuro n'ibikoresho
Imifuka ya pulasitike ni ubwoko busanzwe bwo gupakira bukozwe muri polymeti. Iyi mifuka niyirumuri, byoroshye, kandi ihendutse, bigatuma bikoreshwa cyane mu gutwara ibicuruzwa. Ibikoresho byiganje cyane bikoreshwa mumifuka ya pulasitike ni polyethylene, biza muburyo bubiri bukuru: ubucucike bwa polyethylene (hdpe) hamwe nubucucike bwa polyethylene (ldpe).
Ubwoko bwa Poyithylene :
Ubucucike bwa Polyethylene (HDPE) : Ubu bwoko bwa plastike irakomeye kandi ifite imbaraga ndende ndende, bigatuma ari byiza ku mifuka yibiribwa. Imifuka ya HDpe isanzwe ariko irashobora gutwara uburemere bukomeye.
Ubucucike bwa Polyethylene (LDPE) : ldpe irahinduka kandi ikoreshwa kumifuka isaba kurambura kandi iramba, nkimyanda no kubyara imifuka. Imifuka ya LDPE irabyimbye kandi akenshi ikoreshwa mubintu biremereye.
B. Inzira yo Gukora
Umusaruro wimifuka ya pulasitike urimo intambwe nyinshi zingenzi, guhera kubikoresho fatizo no kurangiza hamwe nibicuruzwa byarangiye. Inzira ikubiyemo kopi, hejuru, no kunezeza, hamwe hamwe bibyara imifuka ya pulasitike igaragara mububiko.
Incamake yimikorere ya plastike :
Polymeration : Iyi niyontambwe yambere aho gaze ya Ethylene ihinduka muri polyethylene binyuze mumiti. Iyi nzira itanga iminyururu ya polymer ikora imiterere yibanze ya plastiki.
Ingaruka : Polyethylene irashonga kandi igahatirwa kuva mu gupfa kugirango ukore filki zihoraho. Iyi firime irashobora guhinduka mubunini bitewe no gukoresha igikapu.
Gutegura no gukata : Filime ihoraho noneho irakonje kandi ikagabanywa mumifuka yifuzwa. Ibi birimo kongeramo ibintu nkibintu cyangwa gussets kugirango byongere imikorere.
Gucapa no kwitondera : Imifuka myinshi ya pulasitike yacapishijwe na Logos cyangwa ibishushanyo byo guharanira guhamagarwa. Iyi ntambwe ikubiyemo gukoresha inka ikurikiza neza kuri polyethylene.
Ingaruka z'ibidukikije :
Imyanda n'umwanda : imifuka ya pulasitike itanga cyane kwanduza ibidukikije. Akenshi ntibisubirwamo kandi birashobora gufata imyaka amagana kugirango batabosore.
Ingaruka ku nyamaswa : yataye imifuka ya pulasitike ibangamira inyamaswa zo mu nyanja no ku isi. Inyamaswa zirashobora gufata plastiki, biganisha ku gukomeretsa cyangwa gupfa.
Ikirenge cya karubone : Umusaruro wimifuka ya pulasitike urimo gukoresha ingufu hamwe nibisubizo mubyuka bihumanya ikirere, bigira uruhare mu bushyuhe bwisi.
III. Ingaruka y'ibidukikije
A. Imifuka idahwitse
Inyungu z'ibidukikije n'ibinyamise
Imifuka idahwitse irashobora gukoreshwa kandi igabanya gukenera gukoresha plastike imwe, ifasha imyanda yo hasi. Ariko, ntabwo biodegradukwa kandi birashobora gutanga umusanzu mubiciriritse niba bitajugunywe neza.
Biodegradadindite no Gusubiramo
Imifuka idahwitse irashobora gukoreshwa, kugabanya imyanda itaguye no kubungabunga umutungo. Ntabwo bakora ibinyabuzima ahubwo barashobora kwandikwa, kugabanya inshingano zishingiye ku bidukikije.
Iclaplas
Mugihe imifuka idahwitse yambara, irashobora kurekura microplastike mubidukikije. Kujugunya neza no gutunganya ni ngombwa kugirango ugabanye iki kibazo.
B. Imifuka ya pulasitike
Ibidukikije
Amashashi ya pulasitike ni uw'ukuri kandi akenshi uhitamo bidakwiye, biganisha ku kwanduza cyane. Bashobora gufata ibinyejana kugirango batabohereze kandi ntibigera babura rwose.
Biodegradaritabishoboye no gusubiramo ibibazo
Imifuka ya pulasitike ntabwo ari biodegrafiya kandi biragoye kongera gutunganya. Ibikoresho byinshi byo gutunganya ntabwo byemera, bituma imifuka myinshi ya pulasitike irangira mumyanda cyangwa nk'imyanda.
Ingaruka Kubuzima bwa Marine
Imifuka ya pulasitike ni iterabwoba ryinshi kubuzima bwo mu nyanja. Inyamaswa zirashobora gufata cyangwa zizirika mu mifuka ya pulasitike, ziganisha ku gukomeretsa cyangwa gupfa. Batanga kandi uruhare runini mu kwanduza mu nyanja, kugirira nabi ibidukikije.
IV. Kuramba no kongera guhura
A. Imifuka idahwitse
Imbaraga nubushobozi bwo gutwara
Imifuka idahwitse ikozwe muri fibre ya Polypropylene, ubakomere kandi biramba. Bashobora gukemura imitwaro iremereye batayitayeho, bigatuma bakwiriye ibiribwa nibindi bintu.
Ubuzima no kongera guhura
Imifuka idahwitse yagenewe gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi. Hamwe no kwitondera neza, birashobora kumara imyaka myinshi. Ubuzima bwabo burenze burebure kuruta imifuka imwe na pulasitike, kugabanya gukenera gusimburwa kenshi.
Kubungabunga no gusukura inama
Kugirango ukomeze imifuka idahwitse, uyisukure buri gihe. Kuyakaraba mumazi ashyushye no kumisha umwuka birashobora kugumisha isuku. Irinde gukoresha imiti ikaze ishobora guca intege fibre.
B. Imifuka ya pulasitike
Imbaraga nubushobozi bwo gutwara
Imifuka ya pulasitike, cyane cyane ikozwe mu bucucike bwa polyethylene (HDPE), birakomeye ariko ntibihagije kuruta imifuka idahwitse. Barashobora gutwara ibintu biremereye ariko bakunda guterwa no gukoresha inshuro nyinshi.
Ubuzima bwiza hamwe nikoreshwa risanzwe
Imifuka ya pulasitike isanzwe yagenewe gukoreshwa rimwe. Mugihe bamwe bashoboka, ubuzima bwabo ni bugufi ugereranije nimifuka idahwitse. Bakunze gutesha agaciro vuba hamwe no gukoresha buri gihe.
Kugereranya kuramba
Koresha imifuka imwe byoroshye ariko ntibiramba. Bishoboka imifuka ya pulasitike, nubwo bikomeye, biracyagwa kuramba bitangwa numufuka udahabwe. Imifuka idahwitse, gukomera no kuramba-igihe kirekire, itanga uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha inshuro nyinshi.
V. IBIKORWA N'IGICE
A. Imifuka idahwitse
Ibitekerezo byafashwe
Imifuka idahwitse yagura byinshi kugirango itange umusaruro wibintu nuburyo bwo gukora. Ariko, kuramba kwabo no kongera guhura birashobora guhagarika igiciro cyambere mugihe runaka.
Bitandukanye no kwitondera
Iyi mifuka iratandukanye cyane. Barashobora guhindurwa muburyo butandukanye, ingano, namabara, bituma babikiraza no kuzamurwa mu ntera.
Ikoresha kandi ikunda
Imifuka idahwitse irazwi cyane guhaha, kuzamurwa, no gukoresha buri munsi. Imbaraga zabo no kongera kujuririra abaguzi ba Eco-kumenya ibidukikije.
B. Imifuka ya pulasitike
Ibiciro-byiza
Imifuka ya pulasitike irahendutse kubyara. Igiciro cyabo gito kibatumaho uburyo buhendutse kubucuruzi no kubakoresha.
Koroshya
Imifuka ya pulasitike ni yoroheje kandi yoroshye gukoresha. Bakunze gutangwa kubuntu kubutayu, bongeraho korohereza.
Ikoresha kandi ikunda
Imifuka ya pulasitike ikoreshwa cyane mububiko bwibiribwa no gucuruza amaduka. Abaguzi bashima ko biyoroshya, ariko hariho guhinduranya amahitamo arambye nkumufuka udahabwe kubera impungenge y'ibidukikije.
Vi. Abaguzi n'inganda
A. Ibyifuzo byabaguzi
Imigendekere mu mahitamo y'abaguzi
Abaguzi barushaho gutonesha ibikago byinshuti. Ibyifuzo byo kubishoboka, birambye mugihe imifuka idahwitse irakura. Iyi mpinduka itwarwa nibidukikije nibitekerezo bya plastike.
Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana kuzamuka gukomeye mugukoresha imifuka ikoreshwa. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abaguzi benshi bahitamo imifuka idahwitse kubera kuramba kwabo no mu cyabukuru. Amakuru yerekana icyerekezo gikomeye kigana kugabanya imikoreshereze imwe-gukoresha imifuka ya plastike.
B. Imyitozo yinganda
Kumenyera abaguzi
Ubucuruzi burimo guhuza no gutanga amahugurwa arambye. Abacuruzi benshi batangiye gutanga imifuka idahwitse guhura nibyo abaguzi bashinzwe ibidukikije. Uku guhindura ntabwo gusangira abaguzi gusa ahubwo nanone bihuza ibitego birambye.
Ingero zo Kwitwara
Amasosiyete nka supermarket na butrail iminyururu ihinduka kubundi buryo budakozwe. Kurugero, amaduka menshi yibiribwa ubu atanga imifuka idahwitse kuri cheque. Abacuruzi nabo barangaga ayo mashama, bayakoresheje mubikorwa byamamaza, byongera ubujurire bwabo nibisanzwe.
Vii. Umwanzuro
Incamake y'ingingo z'ingenzi
Imifuka idahwitse hamwe numufuka wa pulasitike buriwese afite ibyiza byabo. Imifuka idahwitse iraramba, irashobora gukoreshwa, kandi irashobora gutanga umusanzu mubupfura mikoroctic niba itacungwa neza. Imifuka ya pulasitike irakora neza kandi yoroshye ariko ifite ibibi byibidukikije, harimo ibihe birebiro byinshi no kugirira nabi ubuzima bwa Marine.
Ibitekerezo byanyuma
Guhitamo ubwoko bwiza bwimifuka biterwa nibikenewe byihariye. Kuri abashyira imbere cyane kandi baramba, imifuka idahwitse ni amahitamo meza. Batanga inyungu zishingiye ku bidukikije kandi bahuriza hamwe n'indangagaciro za Eco-. Ariko, kubisubizo byihuse, byihuse, imifuka ya pulasitike iracyafite uruhare, nubwo ingaruka zabo zibidukikije ari igitekerezo gikomeye.
Hamagara kubikorwa
Abaguzi nubucuruzi bagomba gusuzuma ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije iyo bahisemo imifuka. Guhitamo imifuka idahwitse birashobora kugabanya imyanda no kwanduza. Ubucuruzi burashobora gushyigikira iyi shift itanga amahitamo arambye no kwigisha abakiriya inyungu. Twese hamwe, turashobora kumenyera byinshi, guhitamo ibidukikije kugirango turinde umubumbe wacu.
VIII. Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa (Ibibazo)
A. Ninde urwaye ibidukikije: bidafite isoni cyangwa imifuka ya pulasitike?
Imifuka idahwitse muri rusange muri rusange muri rusange. Birashoboka kandi birashobora kubisubiramo, kugabanya imyanda no kwanduza. Imifuka ya pulasitike ntabwo ari urugwiro kubera igihe kinini cyo kubora hamwe nibidukikije.
B. Ni kangahe, imifuka idahwitse yongeye gukoreshwa ugereranije nimifuka ya pulasitike?
Imifuka idahwitse irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi, akenshi bimara imyaka myinshi. Imifuka ya pulasitike, cyane cyane ikoreshwa rimwe gusa, mubisanzwe bimara gukoresha bike.
C. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'ibiti bidafite isoni n'imifuka ya pulasitike?
Imifuka idahwitse irahenze cyane kubyara ariko iramba ryabo no kongera guhura birashobora guhagarika ikiguzi mugihe runaka. Imifuka ya pulasitike irahendutse kubyara ariko ifite amafaranga menshi y'ibidukikije.
D. Hoba hariho ingaruka zubuzima zijyanye no gukoresha ibitari bikozwe cyangwa bikozwe na pulasitike?
Ubwoko bwombi burashobora gutera ingaruka zubuzima niba bidasukuye buri gihe. Imifuka idahwitse irashobora gutanga micropplastike, mugihe imifuka ya pulasitike irashobora gusiga imiti mubiryo. Gusukura buri gihe ni ngombwa kugirango umutekano.
