Ni ikihe gitambaro kitari cyo?

Isesengura ryuzuye ryimyenda idahwitse: ibisobanuro, gukora, gusaba, hamwe nibihe bizaza

Igitambaro kidakozwe, kizwi kandi nka kinowvevens, nicyiciro cyibikoresho byimyenda bitameze cyangwa kuboha. Bakozwe biturutse kuri fibre zitandukanye cyangwa kuva muri plastiki ihuriweho, zihujwe hamwe nubwicanyi, ubushishozi, ubushyuhe, cyangwa kuvurwa. Ibi bivamo ibikoresho nkibikoresho bigereranijwe kandi bifite ibyifuzo byinshi.

Bitandukanye n'imyenda gakondo, ikorwa mukwihanganira akadodo, ibitari byo byakozwe binyuze mu nzira ikubiyemo gushira fibre muburyo bwihariye hanyuma bikayihuza hamwe. Ubu buryo budasanzwe bwo gukora butanga kutamenyeshwa imitungo yabo itandukanye kandi bituma bikwirakwira muburyo butandukanye.

Icyamamare cyibitambaro bidafite isoni byazamutse kubera ibyiza byinshi hejuru yimyenda gakondo. Nibiremereye, biramba, byoroshye, kandi birashobora gukorwa mubikoresho bitandukanye, harimo na fibre karemano na synthique. Byongeye kandi, ibitari byo bikora neza kandi bigira urugwiro n'ibidukikije, kuko bishobora gukorwa mu bikoresho byatunganijwe kandi bikunze gukoreshwa.

Muri societe ya none, badahambiriye bagira uruhare rukomeye mu nganda nyinshi, mu bijyanye no kwitera mu buhinzi n'ibicuruzwa mu buhinzi no kubaka. Guhinduranya no guhuza n'imiterere bibagira ibikoresho byingenzi byogutezimbere ibisubizo bishya kandi birambye.

Iyo turebye ejo hazaza, icyerekezo mubikorwa bidafite ingufu zidahabwe bizakomeza gukura. Iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho birashoboka ko bizatera porogaramu nshya no kunonosora mu mikorere idahwitse. Ibi bizongera gushimangira akamaro kabo mu nzego zitandukanye kandi bikagira uruhare muburyo burambye kandi bunoze bwo gukoresha ibikoresho.

Inkomoko n'amateka yiterambere ryimyenda idahwitse

Igitabo kidakozwe kivanze inkomoko yabo kuva mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20. Mu ntangiriro, byari byoroshye ibikoresho bito-bisa nibikoresho bikoreshwa mubikorwa byibanze. Igihe kirenze, inama yikoranabuhanga yahinduye umusaruro no muburyo butandukanye.

1950 byaranze imyanya ikomeye hamwe no gutakaza ibintu byinshi byo gukora. Iki gihe cyabonye ivuka ryikoranabuhanga ryukuri ridahabwe, riha uburyo inzira itabarika.

Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryabaye imbaraga zitera imbere yinganda zidafite imyaka. Udushya dutunganya kwa fibre no guhunika twemeye guhangayikishwa cyane, yoroshye, nibikoresho bikora.

Kubera ubuvuzi kugeza mu buhinzi, abatigome babonye Niche yabo mu nzego zitandukanye. Gutezimbere imashini nshya kandi inzira zikurikirana byatumye bishoboka kubyara imyenda idahwitse ku rugero rw'inganda.

Ubwihindurize bwibitambaro bidafite isoni ni Isezerano ryubwenge bwabantu. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, ejo hazaza h'abatari bovens isa, bitanga byinshi byo gukoresha neza no gusaba.

Ibitekerezo byibanze byimyenda idahwitse

Imyenda idahwitse igizwe na fibre idakozwe cyangwa ibohewe hamwe. Bakozwe mubikoresho bitandukanye, harimo polymetiki na fibre karemano.

Ibigize:

• Bikozwe muri fibre ngufi cyangwa filaments.

• Fibre ihujwe nubukanishi, ubushyuhe, cyangwa imiti.

Umutungo:

• Kuramba no guhinduka.

• Guhumeka cyane no kwemerera gukariro.

• Irashobora gukorerwa amazi na flame.

Bitandukanye:

• Ubworohere no gukomera.

• Byoroshye gukora ku bwinshi.

Kugereranya n'imyenda gakondo:

Igitambaro kiboteye:

• Insanganyamatsiko ubuyobozi ku mfuruka iburyo.

• Gukomera mu byerekezo byombi.

• Ingero: Ipamba, imyenda.

Imyenda iboshye:

• Imiterere ya lift ikora elastique.

• Byoroshye kandi byoroshye.

• Ingero: ubwoya, ibishishwa bya sintetike.

Imyenda idahwitse:

• Ibice bya fibre bifatanyirizwa hamwe.

• Gukomera mu cyerekezo kimwe, bitewe no kwerekana fibre.

• Ingero: masike ishoboka, imifuka yo guhaha.

Abadahambya batanga ibintu bidasanzwe bituma bikwirakwira muburyo bwihariye aho imyenda ibonwa cyangwa kuboha idashobora kuba ingirakamaro. Inzira yabo yo kubyara nayo irasobanutse neza, akenshi bikavamo amafaranga yo kuzigama ibiciro nibihe byihuta.

Inzira yo gukora ibitambaro bidafite isoni

Imyenda idahwitse ikorwa binyuze mubikorwa bitandukanye, buriwese arema ubwoko bwihariye bwumugozi. Dore kureba muburyo nyamukuru:

Inzira ya Spunbond

• Polymer irashonga kandi iranyeganyega.

• Filamements yashizweho irashira.

• Ubushyuhe buhuza fibre hamwe.

Gushonga

• Bisa na spanbond, ariko byoroshye.

• Ikoresha umwuka muremure wo gushushanya fibre.

• Nibyiza kubisabwa.

Inzira ya Hydroentangedle

• Fibre ni ikarita kandi irangwa.

• Amazi y'amazi yizihiza fibre.

• Kurema imyenda ikomeye, yoroshye.

Umushishozi

• Fibre ni urubatswe kandi rufatwa.

• Inshinge punch binyuze kurubuga.

• Ongeraho imbaraga nimyenda.

Imbonerahamwe y'urugendo:

1. Gutunganya fibre

• Kamere, yakozwe n'abantu, cyangwa imipira ikoreshwa.

2. Irangi

• Nibiba ngombwa, fibre irangi.

3. Gufungura no kuvanga

• Fibre irakingurwa kandi ivanze.

4. Oile

• Gutinda fibre yo guhagarikira.

5. Kurambika

• Fibre yashyizwe muburyo bwumutse, butose, cyangwa spin.

6. Guhuza

• Mechanical, ubushyuhe, imiti, cyangwa kudoda.

7. Umwenda udahambiriye

• Imyenda yambere.

8. Kurangiza

• Gukoraho byanyuma birasaba.

9. Imyenda idahwitse idahwitse

• Yiteguye gukoresha cyangwa kubitunganya.

Buri cyiciro ni ngombwa, ushimangire imyenda ihura nibipimo byiza. Inzira irakora neza, yemerera umusaruro mwinshi kubikoresho bitaboshye.

Gusaba Ibiciro bidafite isoni

Ikoresha mu nganda zitandukanye

Isuku ry'ubuvuzi:

• Urufunguzo mubuvuzi kubicuruzwa bidafite sterile.

• Ikoreshwa muri masike, amakambo, na caps yo kubaga.

Kwitaho ku giti cyawe:

• Ihanagura ihanagura hamwe nibicuruzwa byisuku byisuku.

• Kwikosora no kwinjiza cyane.

Igipfukisho cy'ubuhinzi:

• Itanga uburinzi ku bihingwa.

• Ikoreshwa nka firime ya mulch hamwe nibiringiti.

UBURENGANZIRA BWA AKAZI N'UBUNTU:

• Gushimangira mumihanda ninyubako.

• Sisitemu yo kurwara imiti y'amazi.

Ingero zihariye zibicuruzwa bitavuganwa

Masike yubuvuzi:

• Bikozwe muri shot-yarumiwe.

• Muyunguruzi ibice, gutanga uburinzi.

Impapuro z'abana:

• Ibice bifatika byo guhumurizwa.

• Akenshi guhuza spanbond no gushonga.

Inshundura z'ubuhinzi:

• Kurinda ibimera mu kirere n'udukoko.

• Ikiramwe kandi cyemerera kwinjira.

Geotextels:

• Ikoreshwa mu kubaka burundu ubutaka.

• Kuramba no kuzamura ubunyangamugayo.

Abanyamahanga barimo Versiatile, bakorera imirimo itandukanye mu nganda. Porogaramu zabo ziraguka nkikoranabuhanga rishya nibikoresho biragaragara, bibagira ibikoresho byingenzi kwisi.

 Imanza zo gusaba zitari imyenda iboheye mumirima yihariye

IBIBAZO BY'INGENZI

Masike yo kubaga:

• Ibyingenzi kubanyamwuga.

• Tanga inzitizi zanduye.

• Ikozwe mu murongo washongeshejwe ku kaga.

Imyenda ikingira:

• Ikoreshwa mubyumba byo gukora no kwigunga.

• Yagenewe kurinda indwara.

• Byagabanijwe kugirango wirinde kwanduza.

Porogaramu y'Ubuhinzi

Imbuto Imbuto:

• Korohereza no gufata imbuto.

• Biodegradable ibikoresho bitazwi.

• Ikiza umwanya kandi yongera umusaruro wibihingwa.

Gupfuka ibikoresho:

• Kurinda ingemwe ziva mu kirere gikaze.

• Tanga microclimayire yo gukura.

• Irashobora gukorwa mumyenda ya Spunbond.

Imyenda idahwitse yagize uruhare mubuvuzi nubuhinzi. Ibintu byabo byihariye bituma bikwiranye nuburyo butandukanye bwa porogaramu, bigamura umutekano n'umusaruro.

Ubwoko nibiranga imyenda idahwitse

Ubwoko bwibitabo

Ubushyuhe bwumuriro butarimo:

• Bikozwe nubushyuhe bwa fibre.

• Ikoreshwa mu gushyigikira urugo no muyungurura.

Air Pulp Air ntabwo yashyizemo ibihano:

• Igizwe na fibre yimbaho.

• Byoroshye kandi bitesha agaciro, bikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byisuku.

Itose ntiyashyizwe ahagaragara:

• Fibre yahujwe mumazi, hanyuma rwumye.

• Ikomeye kandi iramba, ikoreshwa muri ipengura inganda.

Spunbond Nowwoven Igitambara:

• Filaments, imbaraga nyinshi.

• Bisanzwe mugupakira no gukoreshwa ibicuruzwa.

Meltblown imyenda idahwitse:

• Ultra-fibre nziza yo gukanda hejuru.

• Ingenzi mugukora masike na masike yubuvuzi.

Ibiranga nyamukuru

Guhumeka:

• Emerera umwuka kunyura, byiza kuri masike n'imyambaro.

Imbaraga:

• Kuramba kandi birashobora kwihanganira kwambara no gutanyagura.

Plastike:

• Irashobora kubumba muburyo butandukanye.

Imyenda idahwitse itanga inyungu zitandukanye, bigatuma bakwiriye gusaba bitandukanye. Imitungo yabo irashobora guhuza kugirango yuzuze ibikenewe byinganda zihariye.

Ibyiza byo Kurengera ibidukikije no Kuramba kw'imyenda idahwitse

Ibidukikije:

• Ubusho bwongeyeho akenshi busubirwamo.

• Bikozwe mubikoresho bitandukanye, harimo plastike yongeye gukoreshwa.

Recyclability:

• Benshi bagenewe gukoreshwa rimwe ariko barashobora gusubirwamo.

• Ubwoko bumwe ni cooltable, kugabanya imyanda itaguye.

Ubukungu bwizengurutse:

• Abadafite ubwe bashyigikira ubukungu buzenguruka bakoresha ibikoresho.

• Batanga umusanzu mubyo birambye hamwe nubundi buryo bwangiza ibidukikije

Imiterere yuburyo nigihe kizaza cyisoko ridafite imyaka

Ingano iriho:

• Isoko ritanu riragenda rigenda rigenda.

• Kutwarwa no gusaba Isuku, ubuvuzi, ninganda.

Impamvu zo gukura:

• Udushya mubikoresho biganisha kubisabwa bishya.

• Kwiyongera kumenyekana kwisuku nisuku.

Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza:

• Biteganijwe gukura hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga.

• Kuramba bizaba icyingenzi cyo gukura ejo hazaza.

Guhanga udushya hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryimyenda idahwitse

Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho:

• Nanotechnology yongerera ibintu bitavuga.

• Imyenda yubwenge hamwe na sensor iratezwa imbere.

Guhanga mu guhanga udushya:

• Ikoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga rifite uburemere no gukurikirana neza.

• Kumenyera Ibikenewe nkibikoresho byo Kurinda.

Kurwanya isoko:

• As'uvewns ihinduka guhura no guhindura abaguzi.

• INGINGO ZINA GUKORA GUKORA NO GUKORA.

Guhuriza

Imyenda idahwitse iri ku isonga ryo kurengera ibidukikije no kuramba. Gutunganwa no ku ruhare rwabo mu bukungu buzenguruka bibagire ibikoresho by'ingenzi by'ejo hazaza. Nkuko isoko ikura hamwe nikoranabuhanga ritera imbere, ntavwoves izakomeza guhanga udushya kandi yujuje ibikenewe mubikorwa bitandukanye. Abanyamahanga ni ibintu bitandukanye, bisimbuza imyenda gakondo muburyo bwinshi. Bararamba kandi bafite akamaro-kwishyuza, kubagira amahitamo menshi kubaguzi ninganda zisa. Byongeye, benshi barasubirwamo cyangwa biodegraduable, nibyiza kubidukikije.

Inganda zidafite ubwe zuzuye ubushobozi bwo guhora udushya no kwiyongera. Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga riraguka inzira dushobora gukoresha iyi sambo.

Urebye imbere, biteganijwe ko udashaka kuyobora inzira mu myambaro irambye. Bashyizweho kugirango batezimbere ibipimo byubuvuzi kandi byumutekano kandi birashoboka ko bakurikiranwa mu nganda zigaragara.

Muri make, bidafite agaciro kubikoresha benshi kandi nibice byingenzi byisi yacu ya none. Mugihe tugenda mugihe kizaza, uruhare rwabo mumirenge itandukanye bizakomeza kwiyongera gusa, guhindura ubuzima bwacu muburyo bwinshi.