Ivumburwa ryimashini yimpapuro yanditseho intambwe ikomeye mumateka yo gupakira. Iyi blog irashakisha abavugizi hamwe nintererano zabo mugutezimbere imashini yumufuka, kwerekana udushya niterambere ryagize ingaruka zimig ikikijwe.
Intangiriro
Imifuka yimpapuro ni ngombwa muruganda rupakira uyumunsi. Ni ibidukikije, biramba, no guhubuka. Ariko ninde wahimbye imashini yumufuka? Iyi mishya yahinduwe uburyo dukoresha kandi itanga imifuka yimpapuro.
Akamaro k'ibipapuro byimpapuro mubipfunyika bigezweho
Imifuka yimpapuro ningirakamaro munganda zitandukanye. Batanga ubundi buryo burambye kumufuka wa pulasitike. Ubucuruzi bwinshi buhitamo imifuka yimpapuro inyungu zabo. Ni Biodegraduatage, busubirwamo, kandi akenshi bikozwe mubutunzi bushoboka.
Incamake y'abavugizi bakomeye nintererano zabo
Abahimbyi batatu baragaragara mu mateka y'imashini y'ipimbe:
Francis wolle : Yahimbye imashini ya mbere y'impapuro mu 1852. Imashini ye yabyaye imifuka yoroshye, ibahasha.
Margaret Knight : Azwi ku izina rya 'impapuro z'imifuka, ' Yaremye imashini mu 1868 yatumye habaho imifuka yo hepfo, byari bifatika bifatika.
Charles Stilwell : Mu 1883, yateguye imashini yabyaye imifuka yoroshye, atezimbere ububiko no gutwara abantu.
Guhanga udushya: Francis wolle
Amateka ya Francis Wolle
Francis wolle yari umwarimu wo muri Pennsylvania. Gushimisha kwe hamwe nibikoresho bya mashini byamuteye guhanga udushya. Mu 1852, yahimbye imashini ya mbere y'impapuro. Iyi mashini yabyaye imifuka yoroshye, ibahasha. Umuyoboro wa Wolle wanditseho intambwe ikomeye mumateka yo gupakira. Amateka ye mu kwigisha ashobora kuba yahinduye inzira ye yo gukundana mu gukemura ibibazo. Yahujije ubuhanga bwe bwo kwiga hamwe nishyaka rye kubashinyamiza, ahatira inzira yo gutera imbere ejo hazaza murwego rwibipapuro byimpapuro.
Imashini ya mbere yimifuka (1852)
Francis wolle yahimbye imashini ya mbere y'impapuro mu 1852. Iyi mashini yahinduye uburyo imifuka yakozwe, ikora imifuka yoroshye, ibahasha. Yakoresheje impapuro za Roll kugirango ikongeze inzira yumusaruro.
Ukuntu Imashini ya Wolle yakoze
Imashini ihita yagaburiwe impapuro murukurikirane rwo gukata no kuzenguruka uburyo. Uburyo bujyanye nimpapuro mumifuka. Inzira yakora neza, itanga ibicuruzwa bihamye kandi byizewe. Umugogo wa Wolle watsinze cyane inzira yo gukora imifuka ugereranije nuburyo bwo gufatanya.
GUSHYIRA MU BIKORWA BIKORESHEJWE
Nyuma y'ivumbuwe rye, wolle na murumuna we bashizeho imashini yubumwe bwimashini yumufuka. Iyi sosiyete yibanze ku gukora no kugurisha imifuka yimpapuro. Byagize uruhare rukomeye mu gushora imifuka yimpapuro zo gukoresha muburyo butandukanye. Intsinzi yabo yerekana ibikorwa kandi imikorere ya Wolle yavumbuwe, hagamijwe uburyo bwo gutera imbere bizaza mu ikoranabuhanga.
Umwaka w'impapuro: Margaret Knight
Amateka ya Margaret Knight
Margaret Knight, yakunze kwita 'impapuro z'umufuka w'impapuro, ' yari inventutor udushya. Yavutse mu 1838, yerekanye ubuhanga bwo gukora ibikoresho byingirakamaro kuva akiri muto. Mbere yo guhimba imashini yumufuka, yashyizeho ibindi bisigazwa byinshi, harimo igikoresho cyumutekano kugirango imyenda yegereje. Ubwenge bwe buhimbaje bwamujyanye ku isosiyete ya Collembia Page Compans, aho yatanga umusanzu ukomeye.
Imashini yimpapuro zo hepfo-yo hepfo (1868)
Mu 1868, Knight yahimbye imashini yabyaye imifuka yo hepfo. Iki gishushanyo cyahinduwe kuko cyemereye imifuka guhagarara neza, bigatuma bakoresha neza muburyo butandukanye. Imashini ye ihita ihindagurira ikandagira impapuro, kurema imifuka ikomeye kandi yizewe neza.
Uburyo imashini ya Knight yakoraga
Imashini yaciwe, yiziritse, kandi ifata impapuro muburyo buhoraho. Yakoze igikapu-cyo hepfo-yo hepfo, cyari gikomeye cyane kandi gihuje cyane kuruta imifuka yabaganje. Ibi bihangano byazamuye neza imikorere yimifuka yimpapuro.
Intambara yemewe kumapato ye (1871)
Knight yahuye n'intambara yemewe yo kurinda ipatanti ye mu 1871. Charles Annan, umukorikori, yagerageje gusaba igihangano cye. Knight yarwanije ipatanti ye, agaragaza umwimerere w'imashini n'uruhare rwe nk'uwahimbye. Iyi ntsinzi yari ingirakamaro kubagore bahimbyi icyo gihe.
Ingaruka za Chinent ye ku nganda zipanga
Imashini yumufuka yimpapuro-yo hepfo yimpapuro zagize ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda. Ifasha umusaruro mwinshi mumifuka iramba kandi ifatika. Ingoma ye yashyizeho amahame yiterambere ryiterambere ryibikorwa byimpapuro. Igishushanyo mbonera-cyo hasi cyabaye ibisanzwe, gikoreshwa cyane muguhaha, ibiribwa, nizindi nzego.
Umusanzu wa Margaret Knight mumifuka yimpapuro zari. Umwuka we udushya no kwiyemeza kwandike inzira yo gutera imbere mu gihe cyo gupakira ikoranabuhanga.
Udushya: Charles Stilwell
Charles Stilwell
Charles Stilwell yari injeniyeri ufite ubuhanga bwo kuvuha. Yatahuye aho agarukira ibishushanyo bihari bigamije kunonosora. Ubwubatsi bwe bwabahanganye bwamuhaye ubuhanga bwo gukora ibisubizo bishya mubikorwa byo gupakira.
Imashini yimpapuro zifunze (1883)
Mu 1883, Sticwell yahimbye imashini yimifuka ifunze. Iyi mashini yabyaye imifuka yoroshye kubika no gutwara. Igishushanyo cyemereye imifuka kizingururwamo, gufata umwanya muto kandi bigatuma barushaho kwiyongera kubucuruzi nabaguzi.
Ukuntu Imashini ya Stilwell yakoraga
Imashini ya Stilwell yakoresheje urukurikirane rwibintu byasobanuwe neza kandi bikakumiye kugirango ukore umufuka-wo hasi ushobora kuzunguruka byoroshye. Uyu mugambi wazamuye imikorere yo kubika no gutunganya, kubigira amahitamo akunzwe kunganda nyinshi.
Akamaro k'igishushanyo cye
Igishushanyo cyateganijwe cya Stilwell cyari gifite akamaro kuko cyakemuye ibibazo bifatika mugukoresha imifuka yimpapuro. Igishushanyo mbonera cyakoze imifuka byinshi bitandukanye kandi byumukoresha. Iyi mishya yafashije gushyiraho ibipimo byimigabane yikimaza kandi yagize uruhare mu bwashyingiraga imifuka yimpapuro muburyo butandukanye.
Charles Stilwell yatanze imisanzu y'impapuro byari ngombwa. Ibisubizo bye byihimbwe byazamuye imikorere noroherwa imifuka yimpapuro, kugirira akamaro abakora nabaguzi.
Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga mu mashini
Iterambere ryambere
Kuva mu minsi ya mbere ya Francis Wollet Udushya twa Charles Stilwell, imashini zipaki zabonye iterambere rikomeye. Umukino wa 1852 wa Wol2 washyizeho imifuka yoroshye, ibahasha. Margaret knight's 1868 hatangijwe imifuka-yo hepfo, yongere imbaraga. Mu 1883, imashini yimpapuro za Stilwell yateye ububiko no kuboneza ubwikorezi. Buri wese muri aba bahigo yagize uruhare mu bwihindurize bw'ikoranabuhanga ry'impapuro.
Imashini zitwara imifuka igezweho
Uyu munsi, imashini zikapu zimpapuro zateye imbere cyane. Imashini za kijyambere ziranga urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwikora, kwemeza umusaruro ukora neza. Bashobora kubyara ubwoko butandukanye bwimifuka, kuva hasi-hasi kugeza guswera, kugaburira ibyo bikenewe bitandukanye. Izi mashini na nayo ziratandukanye cyane, zishobora gukoresha amanota atandukanye hamwe nibyimbye. Automation yatumye umuvuduko wumusaruro wongere kandi uhoraho, ugabanya ibiciro byabakozi no kuzamura ubuziranenge.
Ibidukikije
Gukomeza ibidukikije byabaye imyumvire mibi mumifuka yimifuka yimpapuro. Imashini za none zikunze gukoresha ibikoresho byinshuti zidukikije nkimpapuro zishingiye. Byaremewe kugabanya imyanda no gukoresha ingufu. Guhindura inzira zirambye bifasha kugabanya ikirenge cyibidukikije umusaruro wibidukikije. Iterambere ryemeza ko imifuka yimpapuro ikomeza kuba ingirakamaro, ubuso bwungurura ibidukikije ku mifuka ya pulasitike, ishyigikira imbaraga ku isi mu kugabanya umwanda no guteza imbere kuramba.
Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga mu mashini yumufuka ryimpapuro zerekana akamaro ko guhanga udushya mugushikira neza no kuramba mugupakira.
Umwanzuro
Recap yabatingenzi nintererano zabo
Abahimbyi batatu baragaragara mumateka yimashini yimpapuro. Francis woli yahimbye imashini yambere yimifuka muri 1852, ikora imifuka yoroshye, ibahasha. Margaret Knight, uzwi ku izina rya 'impapuro z'umufuka, ' yateje imbere imashini mu 1868 yabyaye imifuka-yo hepfo, ihindura inganda. Charles Stilwell's 1883 havumbuon imashini yimifuka yimpapuro zakozwe nububiko no gutwara ibintu neza.
Ingaruka zirambye zo guhanga udushya kumibonano mpuzabitsina
Umusanzu wa Wolle, Knight, na Stilwell bagize ingaruka zirambye ku nganda zipakiruka. Guhangashya kwabo kwatezimbere imikorere no gukora umusaruro wimpapuro. Iterambere ryakoze impapuro zipakiye kandi ikunzwe muburyo butandukanye. Uyu munsi, imifuka yimpapuro ikoreshwa cyane muguhaha, ibiribwa, nizindi nganda zibigenewe, mbikesheje imbaraga zabo z'ubupayiniya.
Ibihe bizaza mu mpapuro
Kureba imbere, inganda zimpapuro zikomeje guhinduka. Imashini za kijyambere zibanda kubikoresho, gukora neza, no guhinduranya. Hariho gushimangira gukoresha ibikoresho byangiza ibidukikije nibikorwa birambye. Udushya mu ikoranabuhanga birashoboka ko dushobora kurushaho kuzamura ubushobozi bwo kubyara no kunganira ibidukikije byimifuka yimpapuro. Mugihe kirambye gihinduka ingenzi, icyifuzo cyimigabane yateye imbere, biteganijwe ko igisakoshi impapuro ziteganijwe kuzamuka.
