Pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃ si woto vɛ nye nu vevi aɖe le nubablɛwo ƒe ŋutinya me. Blog sia ku nu me tso nutovɛla veviwo kple woƒe akpa si wowɔ le pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃a wɔwɔ me ŋu, eye wòhe susu yi nu yeyewo kple ŋgɔyiyi siwo trɔ asi le egbegbe pepakotokuwo wɔwɔ ŋu dzi.
Kpɔkplɔyiɖeme
Pepakotokuwo le vevie le egbegbe nubablɛwo ƒe dɔwɔƒewo. Womegblẽa nu le nutome ŋu o, wonɔa anyi didina, eye woate ŋu azã wo le mɔ vovovowo nu. Gake amekae to pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃ vɛ? Nu yeye sia trɔ alesi míezãa pepakotokuwoe hewɔa woe.
Pepakotokua ƒe Vevienyenye le Egbegbe Nubablɛwo Me
Pepakotokuwo le vevie ŋutɔ na dɔwɔƒe vovovowo. Wotsɔa atike si woate ŋu azã ɖe aŋekotokuwo teƒe si li tegbee la naa amewo. Asitsaha geɖe lɔ̃a pepakotokuwo le esi woɖea vi na nutome ta. Woate ŋu agblẽ nu le nugbagbewo ŋu, woate ŋu agbugbɔ wo azã, eye zi geɖe la, wotsɔa nu yeyewo wɔa woe.
Nu Vevi Siwo To Nu Vevie Kple Woƒe Nudzɔdzɔwo Ŋuti Numedzodzro
Nutovɛla etɔ̃ to vovo le pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃a ƒe ŋutinya me:
Francis Wolle : Eto pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃ gbãtɔ vɛ le ƒe 1852. Eƒe mɔ̃a wɔa akplo bɔbɔe siwo le abe agbalẽkotoku ene.
Margaret Knight : Wonyae be 'Paper Bag Queen,' ewɔ mɔ̃ aɖe le ƒe 1868 me si wɔa akplo siwo ƒe gɔme le gbadzaa, siwo wɔa dɔ wu na zazã geɖe.
Charles Stilwell : Le ƒe 1883 me la, ewɔ mɔ̃ aɖe si wɔa akplo siwo woate ŋu abla bɔbɔe, si na be wo dzadzraɖo kple wo tsɔtsɔ yi teƒe bubuwo nyo ɖe edzi.
Nutovɛla Gbãtɔ: Francis Wolle
Francis Wolle ƒe Nyatakakawo
Francis Wolle nye sukunufiala aɖe tso Pennsylvania. Alesi wòlɔ̃a nuwo wɔwɔ le wo ɖokui si kple mɔ̃ɖaŋunuwoe na wòto nu yeyewo vɛ. Le ƒe 1852 me la, eto pepa kotoku ƒe mɔ̃ gbãtɔ vɛ. Mɔ̃ sia wɔa pepakotoku bɔbɔe siwo le abe agbalẽkotoku ene. Wolle ƒe nutovɛa nye afɔɖeɖe ɖedzesi aɖe le nubablɛwo ƒe ŋutinya me. Anɔ eme be alesi wòfia nui la kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe alesi wòzãa mɔnu tsɔ kpɔa kuxiwo gbɔe dzi. Etsɔ eƒe sukudede ƒe ŋutetewo kple eƒe didi vevie ɖe mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwo ŋu tsaka, si ʋu mɔ na ŋgɔyiyi siwo wòava wɔ le pepakotokuwo wɔwɔ me le etsɔme.
Mɔ̃ Gbãtɔ Si Wotsɔ Kplɔ Pepa (ƒe 1852) .
Francis Wolle to pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃ gbãtɔ vɛ le ƒe 1852. Mɔ̃ sia trɔ alesi wowɔa akplowoe, eye wòwɔ pepakotoku bɔbɔe siwo le abe agbalẽkotoku ene. Ezãa agbalẽ xatsaxatsa tsɔ naa ewɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖoa nɔa bɔbɔe wu.
Alesi Wolle ƒe Mɔ̃a Wɔ Dɔe
Mɔ̃a tsɔa agbalẽ xatsaxatsawo dea mɔ̃ siwo kplɔ wo nɔewo ɖo siwo wotsɔ lãa nu heblanɛ me le eɖokui si. Mɔ̃ siawo trɔa pepaa wòzua kotokuwo. Dɔa wɔa dɔ nyuie, eye wowɔa nusi mewɔa tɔtrɔ o eye kakaɖedzi le eŋu. Wolle ƒe nutovɛa na akplowo wɔwɔ kabakaba ŋutɔ ne wotsɔe sɔ kple asi ƒe mɔnuwo.
Union Paper Bag Machine Company ɖoɖo anyi
Le eƒe nutovɛa megbe la, Wolle kple nɔviaŋutsu ɖo Union Paper Bag Machine Company. Dɔwɔƒe sia ƒe susu nɔ pepakotokuwo wɔwɔ kple wo dzadzra ŋu. Ewɔ akpa vevi aɖe le pepakotoku siwo wozãna le mɔ vovovowo nu zazã me. Woƒe dzidzedzekpɔkpɔa ɖe alesi Wolle ƒe nutovɛa wɔa dɔe eye wòwɔa dɔ nyuie la fia, si ʋu mɔ na ŋgɔyiyi siwo woawɔ le pepakotokuwo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya me le etsɔme.
Pepakotoku Fianyɔnu: Margaret Knight
Margaret Knight ƒe Nyatakakawo
Margaret Knight, si woyɔna zi geɖe be 'Pepa Akplo Fianyɔnu,' nye nutovɛla si to nu yeyewo vɛ. Wodzii le ƒe 1838 me, eye wòɖe aɖaŋu si le esi le mɔ̃ siwo ŋu viɖe le wɔwɔ me fia tso eƒe ɖevime ke. Hafi wòato pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃ vɛ la, ewɔ nutovɛ bubu geɖe, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye dedienɔnɔ ƒe mɔ̃ aɖe na avɔlɔ̃mɔ̃wo. Eƒe susu si to nu yeyewo vɛ na wòva wɔ dɔ le Columbia Paper Bag Company, afisi wòwɔ eƒe akpa vevitɔ kekeake le.
Mɔ̃ Si Wotsɔna Klɔa Pepa Siwo Le Gbadzaa (ƒe 1868) .
Le ƒe 1868 me la, Knight to mɔ̃ aɖe vɛ si wɔa pepakotoku siwo ƒe gɔme le gbadzaa. Atsyã sia to tɔtrɔ gã aɖe vɛ elabena ena akploawo te ŋu nɔa tsitrenu, si wɔe be woate ŋu azã wo le mɔ vovovowo nu. Eƒe mɔ̃a ƒoa pepaa le eɖokui si hetsɔa aŋe blanɛ, si wɔnɛ be wowɔa akplo sesẽ siwo ŋu kakaɖedzi le nyuie.
Alesi Knight ƒe Mɔ̃a Wɔ Dɔe
Mɔ̃a lãa pepaa, ƒoa wo nu ƒu, hetsɔa aŋe blanɛ le mɔ si yia edzi ɖaa nu. Ewɔ akplo si ƒe gɔme le gbadzaa, si sesẽ wu eye wòte ŋu wɔa dɔ vovovowo wu akplo siwo nɔ anyi do ŋgɔ siwo le abe agbalẽkotoku ene. Nu yeye sia na pepakotokuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyo ɖe edzi ŋutɔ.
Se ƒe Aʋawɔwɔ ɖe Eƒe Dɔwɔgbalẽ Ta (ƒe 1871) .
Knight dze ŋgɔ senya aɖe be yeaxɔ yeƒe gomenɔamesi ƒe gomenɔamesi le ƒe 1871. Charles Annan, si nye mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔla, dze agbagba be yeagblɔ be yeƒe nutovɛa nye ye ŋutɔ tɔ. Knight ʋli eƒe gomenɔamesi ƒe gomenɔamesi ta dzidzedzetɔe, eye wòɖo kpe eƒe mɔ̃a ƒe gɔmedzedze kple akpa si wòwɔ abe etola ene dzi. Aʋadziɖuɖu sia ɖe dzesi ŋutɔ na nyɔnu nutovɛlawo ɣemaɣi.
Ŋusẽ si Eƒe Nutovɛa Kpɔ Ðe Pepa Akplo Dɔwɔƒea Dzi
Knight ƒe pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃ si ƒe gɔme le gbadzaa la kpɔ ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe dɔwɔƒea dzi. Ena woate ŋu awɔ pepakotoku siwo nɔa anyi didina eye woate ŋu awɔ dɔ le agbɔsɔsɔ gã me. Eƒe nutovɛa ɖo dzidzenu na ŋgɔyiyi siwo woawɔ le etsɔme le pepakotokuwo wɔwɔ me. Alesi wowɔa anyigba gbadzaae la va zu nusi bɔ, eye wozãnɛ geɖe le asiƒleƒewo, nuɖuɖudzraƒewo, kple dɔwɔƒe bubuwo.
Nusiwo Margaret Knight wɔ le pepakotokuwo ƒe dɔwɔƒea nye nu yeye aɖe ŋutɔ. Eƒe nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ ƒe gbɔgbɔ kple tameɖoɖo kplikpaa ʋu mɔ na ŋgɔyiyi siwo woawɔ le nubablɛwo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya me le etsɔme.
Ame si to nu yeyewo vɛ: Charles Stilwell
Charles Stilwell ƒe Nyatakakawo
Charles Stilwell nye mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔla si bi ɖe nutovɛ ŋutɔŋutɔwo wɔwɔ me. Ekpɔ seɖoƒe si le pepakotoku ƒe nɔnɔme siwo li fifia ŋu eye wòɖoe be yeana wo nanyo ɖe edzi. Mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔ si wònya na wòte ŋu to egbɔkpɔnu yeyewo vɛ le nubablɛwo ƒe dɔwɔƒea.
Mɔ̃ Si Wotsɔ Kplɔ Pepa Kplu (ƒe 1883) .
Le ƒe 1883 me la, Stilwell to pepakotoku si woxatsa ƒe mɔ̃ vɛ. Mɔ̃ sia wɔa akplo siwo dzraɖo kple wo tsɔtsɔ yi teƒe bubuwo bɔbɔe wu. Alesi wowɔe na be woate ŋu abla akploawo gbadzaa, si mexɔa teƒe boo aɖeke o eye wònana wònɔa bɔbɔe na asitsalawo kple nuƒlelawo.
Alesi Stilwell ƒe Mɔ̃a Wɔ Dɔe
Stilwell ƒe mɔ̃a zã lãɖeɖe kple nuƒoƒo siwo sɔ pɛpɛpɛ ɖe wo nɔewo yome tsɔ wɔ akplo si gɔme le gbadzaa si woate ŋu abla bɔbɔe. Aɖaŋu sia na be nudzraɖoƒe kple eŋudɔwɔwɔ nyuie wu, si wɔe be wònye tiatia si dɔwɔƒe geɖe lɔ̃a wɔwɔ.
Eƒe Aɖaŋu si Ŋu Mɔɖegbalẽ Le ƒe Vevienyenye
Stilwell ƒe aɖaŋu si ŋu woɖe mɔ ɖo la ɖe dzesi ŋutɔ elabena eƒo nu tso nya siwo ŋudɔ woate ŋu awɔ le pepakotokuwo zazã me ŋu. Alesi woate ŋu abla akploawoe na be woate ŋu azã akploawo le mɔ vovovowo nu eye wo zazã le bɔbɔe wu. Nu yeye sia kpe ɖe eŋu woɖo dzidzenu si woatsɔ awɔ pepakotokuwo ƒe nɔnɔme le etsɔme eye wòkpe ɖe ame geɖe ŋu be wozã pepakotokuwo le dɔ vovovowo me.
Charles Stilwell ƒe nudzɔdzɔwo le pepakotokuwo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya me nɔ vevie ŋutɔ. Eƒe egbɔkpɔnu siwo wòto vɛ na pepakotokuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple woƒe bɔbɔ nyo ɖe edzi, eye wòɖe vi na ewɔlawo kple nuƒlelawo siaa.
Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe Ŋgɔyiyiwo le Pepakotokuwo Me Mɔ̃wo Me
Ŋgɔyiyi Gbãtɔwo
Tso Francis Wolle ƒe gɔmedzedze va ɖo Charles Stilwell ƒe nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ dzi la, pepakotokuwo ƒe mɔ̃wo kpɔ ŋgɔyiyi ɖedzesi aɖe. Wolle ƒe mɔ̃ si wòzã le ƒe 1852 me la wɔ akplo bɔbɔe siwo le abe agbalẽkotoku ene. Margaret Knight ƒe nutovɛ si woto vɛ le ƒe 1868 me to akplo siwo ƒe gɔme le gbadzaa vɛ, si na be woate ŋu awɔ dɔ nyuie wu. Le ƒe 1883 me la, Stilwell ƒe pepakotokuwo ƒe mɔ̃ si woxatsa la na be wo dzadzraɖo kple wo tsɔtsɔ yi teƒe bubuwo nɔ bɔbɔe. Nutovɛla siawo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe kpe asi ɖe pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe tɔtrɔ ŋu.
Egbegbe Pepa Akplo Mɔ̃wo
Egbea la, pepakotokuwo ƒe mɔ̃wo yi ŋgɔ ŋutɔ. Egbegbe mɔ̃wo ɖea nuwo wɔwɔ le wo ɖokui si ƒe ɖoɖo deŋgɔwo fiana, si wɔnɛ be wowɔa wo nyuie. Woate ŋu awɔ akplo ƒomevi vovovowo, tso esiwo gɔme le gbadzaa dzi va ɖo esiwo wotsɔ gusseted wɔe dzi, eye woakpɔ nuhiahiã vovovowo gbɔ. Mɔ̃ siawo hã te ŋu wɔa dɔ le mɔ vovovowo nu ŋutɔ, wote ŋu wɔa pepa ƒe hatsotso kple titrime vovovowo ŋudɔ. Dɔwɔwɔ le wo ɖokui si na be nuwɔwɔ kabakaba kple nuwɔwɔ ɖekae dzi ɖe edzi, si na dɔwɔlawo ƒe gazazã dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ eye eƒe nyonyome nyo ɖe edzi.
Nutome Ŋuti Nukpɔsusuwo
Nutome ƒe nyonyome va zu nu vevi aɖe si ŋu wotsia dzi ɖo le pepakotokuwo wɔwɔ me. Zi geɖe la, egbegbe mɔ̃wo zãa nusiwo megblẽa nu le nutome ŋu o abe pepa si wogbugbɔ zã ene. Wotrɔ asi le wo ŋu be woaɖe gbeɖuɖɔ kple ŋusẽzazã dzi akpɔtɔ. Trɔtrɔ yi dɔwɔwɔ siwo li tegbee gbɔ kpena ɖe ame ŋu be woɖea pepakotokuwo wɔwɔ ƒe afɔtoƒe si le nutome dzi kpɔtɔna. Ŋgɔyiyi siawo na be pepakotokuwo gakpɔtɔ nye nusi woate ŋu azã, si me gblẽa nu le nutome ŋu o, si doa alɔ xexeame katã ƒe agbagbadzedze be woaɖe ɖiƒoƒo dzi akpɔtɔ eye woado nusiwo li tegbee ɖe ŋgɔ.
Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe ŋgɔyiyi siwo wowɔ le pepakotokumɔ̃wo me ɖe nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ ƒe vevienyenye fia le nubablɛwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie kple nusiwo li tegbee gbɔ ɖoɖo me.
Nyanuwuwuw
Nutovɛla Veviawo Kple Woƒe Nudzɔdzɔwo Ŋuti Nyatakakawo Gbugbɔgagblɔ
Nutovɛla etɔ̃ to vovo le pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃a ƒe ŋutinya me. Francis Wolle to pepakotoku ƒe mɔ̃ gbãtɔ vɛ le ƒe 1852 me, eye wòwɔ akplo bɔbɔe siwo le abe agbalẽkotoku ene. Margaret Knight, si woyɔna be 'Paper Bag Queen,' to mɔ̃ aɖe vɛ le ƒe 1868 me si wɔa akplo siwo ƒe gɔme le gbadzaa, si trɔ asi le dɔwɔƒea ŋu. Charles Stilwell ƒe mɔ̃ si nye pepakotoku si woxatsa ƒe mɔ̃ si woto vɛ le ƒe 1883 me na be nudzraɖoƒe kple etsɔtsɔ yi teƒe bubuwo nyo wu.
Woƒe Nu yeyewo ƒe Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi Tegbee ɖe Nubablɛ Dɔwɔƒea Dzi
Wolle, Knight, kple Stilwell ƒe nudzɔdzɔwo kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe nubablɛwo ƒe dɔwɔƒea dzi tegbee. Woƒe nu yeyewo na pepakotokuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple wo wɔwɔ nyuie wu. Ŋgɔyiyi siawo na be pepakotokuwo va zu tiatia si ŋudɔ woate ŋu awɔ eye ame geɖe lɔ̃a zazã le dɔ vovovowo wɔwɔ me. Egbea la, wozãa pepakotokuwo le asiƒleƒewo, nuɖuɖudzraƒewo, kple dɔwɔƒe bubuwo, le woƒe mɔɖeɖedɔa ta.
Etsɔme ƒe Nɔnɔmewo le Pepa Akplowo Wɔwɔ Me
Ne míebu etsɔme ŋu la, pepakotokuwo wɔwɔ yi edzi le tɔtrɔm. Egbegbe mɔ̃wo ƒe susu nɔa nuwo wɔwɔ le wo ɖokui si, dɔwɔwɔ nyuie, kple nusiwo woate ŋu azã le mɔ vovovowo nu ŋu. Wole gbe tem ɖe nusiwo megblẽa nu le nutome ŋu o kple mɔnu siwo li tegbee zazã dzi geɖe wu. Anɔ eme be nu yeye siwo wowɔ le mɔ̃ɖaŋununya me ana pepakotokuwo wɔwɔ ƒe ŋutete kple viɖe siwo dona tso nutome ŋu nadzi ɖe edzi. Esi nusiwo li tegbee va le vevie wu la, wole mɔ kpɔm be pepakotokuwo gbɔ kpɔnu deŋgɔ siwo megblẽa nu le nutome ŋu o ƒe didi adzi ɖe edzi.
