Nigute imifuka yimpapuro yakozwe kuntambwe ya-intambwe

Intangiriro

Incamake yimifuka yimpapuro

Ibisobanuro no gukoresha bisanzwe

Imifuka yimpapuro iratandukanye kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubuzima bwa buri munsi. Bakozwe mu mpapuro, berekeza mu biti, ibyatsi, cyangwa ibikoresho byatunganijwe. Iyi mifuka iza mubunini nuburyo butandukanye, bukwiriye guhaha, gupakira, no gutwara ibicuruzwa. Bakunzwe mugucuruza, kubunazi byibirimo, n'amaduka yimpano.

Inyungu zo imifuka yimpapuro

inyungu	gukoresha
Biodegradable	Kubora bisanzwe, kugabanya imyanda itaguye
Ibicuruzwa	Irashobora gukoreshwa no kongera gukoreshwa, kugabanya ingaruka rusange zibidukikije
Ibikoresho byinshi	Ikozwe mubikoresho nkibiti n'ibyatsi, bishobora kuzuzwa
Ikirenge cyo hepfo	Umusaruro ukoresha imbaraga nke n'amazi ugereranije n'imifuka ya pulasitike
Ubujurire bw'umuguzi	Ikurura abakiriya ba eco-berekana amashusho
Bitandukanye	Bikwiranye nuburyo butandukanye, muguha gupakira no gupfunyika impano

1. Ibikoresho fatizo by'imifuka

Ibikoresho by'ibanze

Ubwoko bw'impapuro

Impapuro zimpapuro zitangirana nimpapuro. Iyi fum ituruka ahantu hatandukanye:

• Igiti culp : isoko ikunze kugaragara. Birakomeye kandi biramba.

• Straw Pulp : Yakozwe mu buhinzi bwakozwe mu buhinzi. Ni urugwiro.

• Impapuro zisubiramo : Koresha impapuro zishaje. Nibyiza kubura.

Amavuta yo kuzamura imitungo

Kunoza imifuka yimpapuro, amakarito yongeyeho:

• Polyethylene (pe) : yongeyeho amazi. Ikomeza ibikubiye.

• Polypropylene (pp) : byongera imbaraga. Ifasha imifuka itwara ibintu biremereye.

Ifatika ikoreshwa mubikorwa

Imyandikire ifite uruhare runini mugukora imifuka yimpapuro. Bambaye ibice hamwe. Ubwoko Rusange Harimo:

• Amazi ashingiye ku meza : ibidukikije kandi bifite akamaro. Ikoreshwa mu guhuza rusange.

• Ashyushye gushonga : gukomera no gukama vuba. Nibyiza kumusaruro mwinshi.

Inks yo gucapa

Gucapa ku mpapuro zisaba inka zihariye. Iyi sanduku igomba kuba ifite umutekano na eco-urugwiro:

• Amazi ashingiye ku mazi : Ntabwo wangiza ibidukikije. Buma vuba kandi bafite imbaraga.

• Imyandikire ishingiye cyane : ikozwe muri soya. Birashobora kongerwa kandi bizima.

Imbonerahamwe Incamake: Ibikoresho

byibanze	byibanze
Igiti	Gukomera, kuramba, bikunze gukoreshwa
Straw pulp	Ikidukikije - gikorerwa mu buhinzi byproducts
Impapuro zisubiramo	Irambye, ikoresha impapuro zishaje
Polyethylene (pe) guhinga	Irwanya amazi, ikomeza ibikubiye
PolyproPylene (pp)	Gushimangira imifuka, ibyiza kubintu biremereye
Amazi ashingiye ku meza	Ikibuga-urugwiro, gifite akamaro mu guhuza rusange
Ashyushye alet	Gukomera, gukama vuba, byiza kumusaruro mwinshi
Inkongo zishingiye ku mazi	Ibidukikije, vibrant, byumye-byumye
Inka	Kongera, Biodegradable

2. IGIKORWA CY'IMIGANIRO

Intambwe ya 1: gukurura

Imiti

Inzira rusange

Imiti ikurura ibiti chip inkwi ifite imiti. Ibi byasenyutse kuri lign, bihuza fibre. Imiti isanzwe irimo sodium hydroxide na sodium sulfide. Inzira ihura nibikorwa bikomeye, biramba.

Inyungu n'ibitugu

• Inyungu :

• Itanga impapuro zikomeye

• Kuraho Lignin nyinshi

• Bikwiranye nibicuruzwa byiza

• Ibisubizo :

• Kubyara imyanda ya shimi

• Bisaba imbaraga nyinshi

• Ibiciro byo hejuru

Guswera

Inzira rusange

Imashini yo gusya gusya ibiti muri Pulp. Igumana lignin nyinshi, kuyitunga cyane ariko nyinshi. Inzira ikoresha imbaraga zubukanishi kugirango fibre zitandukanye.

Inyungu n'ibitugu

• Inyungu :

• Ubukungu

• Umusaruro mwinshi kuva ibikoresho bibisi

• Ikoresha imbaraga nke

• Ibisubizo :

• Itanga impapuro zidakomeye

• Ibindi bigometseho

• Bike bikwiye kubicuruzwa byiza

Kuraho no gusuzuma

INTAMBARA ZIFATANYIJE

Gukuraho bikuraho lign, imurika. Abakozi basanzwe barimo barimo dioxyde de thlorine na hydrogen peroxide. Iremeza ko ifu yera yera kandi isukuye.

INTAMBWE ZIFATANYIJE

Kugenzura bikuraho umwanda kuva kuri pulp. Ikoresha ecran yubunini butandukanye kugirango iyunguruzo ibikoresho udashaka. Iyi ntambwe iremeza ko ifum niyo imyenda imwe kandi isukuye.

Imbonerahamwe Incamake

inzira	nyabagendwa	:	Gukuramo
Imiti	Guteka ibiti bikonje hamwe n'imiti	Itanga impapuro zikomeye, ikuraho lignin	Imyanda, ikoreshwa ryingufu nyinshi
Guswera	Gusya ibiti muri pulp	Ubukungu, umusaruro mwinshi	Itanga impapuro zidakomeye, zigumana lignin
Kurwanya	Kuraho Lignin kumurika Pulp	Kuremeza ko cyera, gisukuye	Ikoresha imiti
Gusuzuma	Kuyungurura umwanda	Itanga ifunike	Bisaba gutunganya izindi

Intambwe ya 2: Gukora impapuro

Ibikorwa by'imashini

Incamake yimashini yimpapuro

Imashini yimpapuro nigikoresho kinini cyinganda. Ihindura Pulp ifata impapuro zikomeza. Iyi mashini ningirakamaro kumusaruro mwinshi. Ifite ibyiciro byingenzi: Gukora, gukanda, no gukama.

Gushiraho: Gukora urupapuro ruhoraho

Murwego rwo gukora, shop ikwirakwira kuri ecran igenda. Amazi akuramo, asiga impapuro zitose. Iyi mahitamo ikora ishingiro ryurupapuro rwimpapuro. Igice cyo gushinga kigena impapuro zambere no guhuzagurika.

Kanda: Kuraho amazi murupapuro

Ibikurikira, impapuro zinjira mu gice gikanda. Hano, umuzingo wambuke amazi arenze. Iyi ntambwe yongera ubucucike n'imbaraga. Kanda kandi utezimbere urupapuro rwo kumisha.

Kuma: Kuma nyuma kugirango ugere ku mpapuro zifuza

Mu cyiciro cyumye, impapuro zanyuze muri silinderi zishyushye. Aba silinderi bahumura ubushuhe busigaye. Kuma neza ni ngombwa kugirango ugere ku mpapuro zifuzwa. Iremeza ko impapuro zirakomeye, zoroshye, kandi ziteguye gukomeza gutunganywa.

Ibikorwa by'imashini: Intambwe

Icyiciro	z'ingenzi
Gushiraho	Gukwirakwiza pulp kuri ecran ya ecran
Kanda	Kunyunyuza amazi hamwe na rollers
Kuma	Guhumeka neza ukoresheje silinderi zishyushye

Igenzura ryiza

Guharanira ubuziranenge no guhuza impapuro

Igenzura ryiza ningirakamaro mumpapuro. Iremeza ko impapuro zihura nibipimo bisabwa. Ubwiza buhoraho ningirakamaro kubikorwa byizewe mubicuruzwa byanyuma.

Ibizamini rusange n'ibipimo

Ibizamini bitandukanye bikorwa kugirango tubungabunge ireme:

• Ikizamini cya Grammmage : ingamba uburemere bwimpapuro kuri metero kare.

• Ikizamini cya Thickness : cyemeza ubunini bumwe.

• Ikizamini cya Tensile Imbaraga : Gerageza imbaraga zimpapuro.

• Ikizamini kirimo ubushuhe : cheque kubice bikwiye.

Izi ngero zifasha gukomeza amahame yo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Bemeza ko impapuro zikwiriye gukora imifuka ikomeye, yizewe.

Ibikorwa byiza byimashini hamwe nubuyobozi bukomeye bugenzura neza umusaruro wumufuka mwiza. Izi nzira ningirakamaro mugutera ibicuruzwa birambye, byizewe byujuje ibyifuzo byabaguzi.

Intambwe ya 3: Gucapa

Tekinike yo gucapa

Icapiro rya Flexografiya: Nibyiza kubikorwa binini

Gucapa Flexografiya neza neza kubikorwa binini. Ikoresha amasahani yoroshye ikozwe muri reberi cyangwa plastiki. Aya masahani yohereza wihereza hejuru yimpapuro. Ubu buryo bwihuse kandi bwubukungu. Ikora neza hamwe na wino zitandukanye, harimo n'amazi ashingiye ku mazi.

• Ibyiza :

• Umusaruro mwinshi

• Bikwiranye ninshi

• Ikorana na wino zitandukanye

• Ibibi :

• Ikarita yo hepfo yandika ugereranije nubundi buryo

• Bisaba kwitegura gusoma.

GRAVURE Gucapa: Amashusho meza

Gucapa ku rugamba birazwiho kubyara amashusho meza. Ikoresha silinderi yashushanyijeho kwimurira wirk kugeza ku mpapuro. Ubu buhanga butanga ishusho nziza kandi yimbitse. Nibyiza kubishushanyo birambuye ninyandiko nziza.

• Ibyiza :

• Ubwiza buhebuje

• Nibyiza kubishushanyo birambuye

• Ibibi :

• Ibiciro byinshi

• Gukora neza kubikorwa bigufi

Gucapa kwa Offset: Bisanzwe kubicapura bitandukanye

Gucapa kwa Offset birakoreshwa cyane kandi bikoreshwa cyane. Harimo kwimura wino kuva ku isahani kugera ku gitambaro cya rubber, hanyuma ugana ku mpapuro. Ubu buryo butanga icapiro rihoraho kandi ryinshi. Birakwiriye kubice bito kandi binini byacapra.

• Ibyiza :

• Icapa Cyiza

• Igiciro-cyiza cyo gukoresha ubunini butandukanye

• Bitandukanye mubijyanye nigishushanyo

• Ibibi :

• Igihe kirekire cyo gushiraho

• Bisaba abakora ubuhanga

Imbonerahamwe: Tekinike yo gucapa

Tekinike	Ibyiza	Ibibi
Flexographic	Umuvuduko mwinshi, ubwinshi	Icapiro ryo hepfo, amasahani nyayo
Rubu	Ubwiza buhebuje, ibishushanyo birambuye	Ibiciro byinshi byo gushiraho, ntabwo ari ugukoresha gato
Offset	Ubuziranenge buhamye, bitandukanye	Birebire, abagenzuzi babahanga

Buri tekinike yo gucapa itanga inyungu zidasanzwe. Guhitamo biterwa nibikenewe byihariye byimpapuro. Flexoografiya icapiro risohotse rikora ibintu binini, mugihe GRAVURE PROSTS birambuye. Gucapa kwa Offset ni amahitamo angana kumishinga myinshi. Gusobanukirwa nuburyo bufasha muguhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo gukora imifuka myiza.

Inks n'ingaruka zabo

Ubwoko bwa Insk ikoreshwa mugucapa

Mu mpinga yumufuka, inka zitandukanye zirakoreshwa. Buri bwoko bufite imitungo idasanzwe kandi ikoresha. Inkweto zisanzwe zirimo:

• Inoki zishingiye ku mazi : Ibi birakunzwe kuri kamere yabo yangiza ibidukikije. Buma vuba kandi bafite umutekano kubidukikije.

• Imyandikire ishingiye kuri soya : ikozwe muri soya, iyi sanks irashobora kandi bizima. Batanga amabara afite imbaraga kandi bafite uburozi buke.

• Uv wino : Yakize hakoreshejwe urumuri rwa ultraviolet, iyi sanduku iramba kandi irwanya kwikuramo. Birakwiriye kumenyekanisha imico myiza.

• Imyandikire ishingiye ku gitsina : Bizwi kugereranywa no kumeneka, iyi sanduku ikoreshwa ku basimbuye zitandukanye. Ariko, barekuye ibice bya kama (amajwi).

Ibidukikije no ku buzima

Mugihe uhisemo inkasi, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ingaruka zabo n'ibidukikije. Inks irashobora kugira ingaruka ku bidukikije ndetse n'ubuzima bw'abantu:

• Inoki zishingiye ku mazi : Iyi sanduku iri hasi muri vocs, bigatuma bakora umutekano kubidukikije. Bagabanya umwanda mu kirere kandi ntibangiza abakozi.

• Imyandikire ishingiye kuri Soya : Ni amahitamo arambye. Umusaruro wabo ukoresha ibikoresho bike kandi bitera umwanda muto.

• Uv wino : Mugihe biramba, inzira yumusaruro wa UV yinjiza neza. UV Gukiza birashobora kubyara ozone, ibyago byubuzima.

• Inzoga zishingiye ku gitsina : Iyi sanduku ifite urwego rwo hejuru rwijwi. Barashobora gutera umwanda nibibazo byubuzima kubakozi, harimo ibibazo byubuhumekero.

Imbonerahamwe

​	​	​
Amazi ashingiye ku mazi	Eco-urugwiro, gukama vuba	Ibara hasi, umutekano kubidukikije
Soya	Kongera kuvugururwa, bifite imbaraga	Abanduye barambye, bake
UV	Kuramba, Kurwanya-Kurwanya	Bisaba gufata neza, ibyago bya ozone
Umuti	Versiatile, Adhesion nziza	Ibara ryinshi, umwanda wikirere, ibibazo byubuzima

Gukoresha ibyatsi bifasha ibidukikije nkimikorere ishingiye ku mazi na soya ifasha kugabanya ibidukikije. Iremeza kandi imiterere ikora neza. Urebye imikorere ningaruka ningirakamaro muguhitamo wino iburyo yimpapuro.

Intambwe ya 4: Gukata no gushushanya

Gukata ibikoresho

Incamake yo gukata imashini zo gukata

Gukata imashini ni ngombwa mu musaruro w'impapuro. Batemye impapuro nini muburyo busobanutse neza. Imashini zisanzwe zirimo amashusho meza na polar. Izi mashini zemeza neza kandi zisukuye, ingenzi kumifuka myiza.

Gukata neza kandi bifite akamaro kayo

Gutema neza ni ngombwa. Bigira ingaruka kubipimo byanyuma byimifuka n'imikorere. Gukata neza neza ko ibice byose bihuye neza. Uku gusobanuka kugabanya imyanda kandi zitezimbere isura n'imbaraga.

Ubwoko bwo Gukata Imashini

Imashini	Ibiranga	inyungu
Byiza	Ubushishozi buke, umukoresha-urugwiro	Ubuziranenge buhoraho, gukora neza
Polar	Gukomera, guhuza	Kwiringirwa, gukoresha ingano zitandukanye

Kuzimya no gutya

Kuzenguruka uburyo bwo kubishushanyo bitandukanye

Kuzenguruka ni intambwe y'ingenzi. Tekinike zitandukanye zikora ibishushanyo bitandukanye. Ububiko busanzwe burimo:

• Uruhande rwuruhande : Kurema Gussets kugirango wongereho amajwi.

• Hepfo yubusa : ikora neza, ihamye.

• Hejuru yububiko : Shimangira gufungura umufuka.

Kuzenguruka bikwiye kugirango imbaraga zig zitera imifuka n'imikorere. Buri nkunga igomba kuba isobanutse kugirango igumane imiterere yumufuka.

Ifatika ikoreshwa mubikorwa

Ihuriro ryibiciro ibice byifu hamwe. Ni ngombwa mu kuramba. Imyifatire rusange irimo:

• Amazi ashingiye ku meza : Ububiko-urugwiro kandi bufite akamaro muri rusange.

• Ashyushye gushonga : gukomera no gukama-byumye, byiza kumusaruro mwinshi.

Izi mpugura zemeza ko umufuka ukomeza kuba mwiza mugihe cyo gukoresha. Guhitamo ingirakamaro iburyo ni ngombwa kubikorwa byakazi.

Imbonerahamwe y'incamake: Kuzenguruka uburyo bwo gufata tekinike

Intego	yo	Ubwoko	Gukoresha
Uruhande	Kurema Gussets Kubig	Amazi ashingiye ku mazi	Ikibuga-urugwiro, gukoresha rusange
Hepfo	Ikora ishingiro rihamye	Ashyushye	Gukomera, gukama vuba
Hejuru	Shimangira gufungura umufuka	Amazi ashingiye ku mazi / ashyushye	Imbaraga zongerewe imbaraga, kuramba

Intambwe ya 5: Gukora no kurangiza

Gushiraho imifuka

Intambwe Yintambwe

Gushiraho imifuka yimpapuro bikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi zuzuye:

1. Gukata impapuro : inzira itangira guca impapuro nini mubunini bwihariye.

2. Kuzinga impande : impande ziri hejuru kugirango ukore gsesets. Ibi byongeramo amajwi kumufuka.

3. Gukora hepfo : Hasi irabitswe kandi ifatanye kugirango itange umutekano.

4. Guhindura impande : impande zifata hamwe kugirango zikore imiterere yumufuka.

Buri ntambwe isaba gusobanurwa kugirango habeho kuramba no kudashobora gukoreshwa.

Kuruhande rumwe no gushiraho hasi

Kuruhande rwo kuzenguruka no gushiraho hepfo ni ngombwa kubunyangamugayo:

• Kurunda kuruhande : Ibi bitera gsesets, bigatuma igikapu cyaguka no gufata ibintu byinshi.

• Gushiraho hasi : kwemeza urufatiro rukomeye kandi ruhamye, iyi ntambwe ikubiyemo gukomera no gutya. Hasi hakurikijwe umurongo ukomeza umufuka ugororotse kandi ushyigikira uburemere bwibirimo.

Umufuka wo gushiraho intambwe

Intambwe	Ibisobanuro
Gukata	Urupapuro rutemba mubunini bwihariye
Kuruhande	Gukora Gussets kubijwi
Gushiraho Hasi	Kuzimya no gukurura hasi
Ahindura impande	Kumpande zingana kugirango ukore imiterere

Ongeraho intoki nibindi biranga

Ubwoko bw'amaboko

Ongeraho intoki zongerera imikorere yumufuka. Ubwoko busanzwe bwibanze burimo:

• Amaboko meza : byoroshye kandi byoroshye gutwara. Bakunze gukorwa mubintu bimwe nkumufuka.

• Inzitizi : zikomeye kandi zoroshye gufata. Bikozwe mu mpapuro zigoramye kugirango ubone imbaraga.

• Gupfa-gukata intoki : ihuriweho nigishushanyo mbonera. Aba baraciwe mu mpapuro, bakunze gushimangirwa kuramba.

Gushimangira no kurangiza gukoraho

Kugirango habeho iramba, imifuka akenshi ikubiyemo imbaraga no kurangiza gukoraho:

• Ibiganza bishimangirwa : Imbaraga zongeweho kugirango ukoreshe imigereka. Irinda kurambirwa munsi yumutwaro.

• Gushyira hasi : Guhagarika ishingiro, kunoza umutekano nubushobozi bwo kwikorera.

• Gucapa no kuranga : Ongeraho Logos nibishushanyo byongera isura yumufuka kandi biteza imbere ikirango.

Ubwoko bwimikorere no gushimangira

urutonde	rwanditse
Amashanyarazi	Byoroshye, ibintu bimwe nkumufuka
Imikoreshereze	Impapuro zikomeye, nziza, zigoramye
Gupfa	Ihujwe, gushimangirwa
Ibicuruzwa byemewe	Wongeyeho imbaraga
Hepfo	Gukomera
Gucapa / Kwamamaza	Kuzamura isura, kuzamura ibirango

Gushiraho no kurangiza ni gukora nyuma yo gukora imifuka myiza. Buri ntambwe, kuva kuruhande kugirango ikemure umugereka, iremeza umufuka ukora, uramba, no kunezeza. Mugusobanukirwa ibi bikorwa, abakora barashobora gutanga imifuka yizewe kandi nziza zihuye nibyifuzo bitandukanye.

Ongeraho intoki nibindi biranga

Ubwoko bw'amaboko

Ongeraho intoki zongerera imikorere yimifuka yimpapuro. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bw'amaboko:

• Amaboko akomeye : Ibi biroroshye kandi bigira akamaro. Mubisanzwe bikozwe mubintu bimwe nkumufuka. Bamenetse imbere yumufuka kugirango basa neza. Amashanyarazi aroroshye kubyara no kugerekaho, bigatuma bitanga ibiciro.

• Inzitizi : Aya mirimo ikozwe mu mpapuro zigoramye. Barakomeye kandi nibyiza gufata. Imiyoboro ihindagurika ifatanye imbere yumufuka. Ubu bwoko bwikiganza burazwi cyane kubera kuramba no kurohama.

• Gupfa-gukata intoki : Iyi mikorere yaciwe mumufuka. Bakunze gushimangirwa no gukumira gutanyagura. Gupfa-gukata intoki zitanga isura nziza kandi igezweho. Mubisanzwe biboneka mumifuka mato no mumifuka yimpano.

Kugereranya ubwoko bwamafaranga

akemura	bwibisobanuro	ubwoko
Amashanyarazi	Bikozwe mubintu bimwe nkumufuka	Byoroshye, Igiciro-Cyiza
Imikoreshereze	Bikozwe mu mpapuro zigoramye	Ikomeye, nziza
Gupfa	Gabanya mu gikapu	Sleek, reba igezweho

Gushimangira no kurangiza gukoraho

Ibibazo no Kurangiza gukoraho kwemeza iramba nubusabane bwimifuka yimpapuro:

• Ibiganza bishimangirwa : Ibikoresho byinyongera byongerwaho aho intoki zifata igikapu. Ibi bishimangira isano kandi birinda inzitizi, cyane cyane munsi yimitwaro iremereye. Ibiganza bishimangirwa byongera igikapu rusange.

• Gushyira hasi : Ikarito ikomeye yikarito ishyirwa munsi yumufuka. Iyi shyiramo ifasha umufuka gukomeza imiterere yayo kandi itanga inkunga yinyongera yo gutwara ibintu biremereye. Gushyira hasi cyane ni ingirakamaro cyane kumashaga manini.

• Gucapa no kuranga : Ongeraho ibirango, ibishushanyo, cyangwa inyandiko birashobora kuzamura umufuka ugaragara no guteza imbere ikirango. Ubuhanga bwo gucapa bwo gucapa bwemeza amabara meza n'amashusho atyaye. Bracend Crand ihindura igikapu cyoroshye mugikoresho cyo kwamamaza.

Ubwoko bwibishimangira no kurangiza

byumugambi	ibintu	gukoraho
Ibicuruzwa byemewe	Komeza Umugereka	Irinde
Hepfo	Gutanga inkunga no gukomeza imiterere	Shyigikira ibintu biremereye
Gucapa / Kwamamaza	Kongera ubujurire bwerekanwe, guteza imbere ikirango	Igikoresho cyo kwamamaza

Kwinjiza ibi bintu mumifuka yimpapuro ntabwo bikazamura imikorere yabo gusa ahubwo binatuma barushaho gushimisha abaguzi. Muguhitamo ibiganza byiburyo no kongeramo imbaraga, ababikora barashobora gutanga imizabibu yo hejuru, iraramba, kandi stylish, na stylish, kandi stylish ihuye nibikenewe bitandukanye.

3. Imashini zikoreshwa mu musaruro w'impapuro

Imashini zikurura

Imashini zikurura ni ngombwa mugukora imifuka yimpapuro. Bahindura ibikoresho fatizo, nk'ibiti, ibyatsi, cyangwa impapuro zishingiye ku gicuruzwa, muri Pulp. Iyi pulp ni urufatiro rw'impapuro.

Imashini zigezweho

Uruhare mu musaruro

Imashini zikurura imiti zikoresha imiti kugirango umenagura ibikoresho fatizo. Batanga igikona gikomeye, cyiza-cyiza ukuraho Lignin.

Ubwoko rusange

• Kraft alpines imashini : Koresha Sodium Hydroxide na sodium sulfide. Batanga iramba, imbaraga-nyinshi.

• Imashini ziva muri sulfite : Koresha aside sulfurous. Birema cyane, ariko nkeya.

Inyungu

• Itanga impapuro zikomeye, zihemutse.

• Kuraho abantu benshi, batangara kuramba.

Ibisubizo

• Kubyara imyanda ya shimi.

• Ingufu nyinshi nibisabwa.

yimiti yintambwe

Intambwe	Imiterere
Ibikoresho bya Raw	Ibikoresho fatizo bigaburirwa muri disterster.
Guteka imiti	Imiti isenya lignin na fibre.
Gukuramo	Reseting lus yakuwe kandi isukurwa.

Imashini zigezweho

Uruhare mu musaruro

Imashini zikurura imashini zisya ibikoresho fatizo mudufuni idafite imiti. Iyi nzira irakomeye cyane mubukungu ariko itanga akazi gakomeye.

Ubwoko rusange

• Imashini zibuye (SGW) : Gusya inkwi zo kurwanya ibuye rizunguruka.

• Gutunganya imashini ya mashini (RMP) : Koresha disiki yicyuma kugirango utunganize.

Inyungu

• Birenze urugero.

• Umusaruro mwinshi kuva ibikoresho fatizo.

Ibisubizo

• Itanga intege nke, impapuro zidarambye.

• Kugumana lignin nyinshi.

Gukuramo

imashini	​
Ibikoresho bya Raw	Ibiti by'ibiti byangijwe kandi birakata.
Gusya	Chip ni ahantu muri pulp.
Gukuramo	Pulp irasuzugura kandi isuku.

Imashini za chimique na mashini ifunga ni ngombwa mumusaruro wimpapuro. Imiti ikurura imiti ni nziza kumifuka myiza yo hejuru, mugihe ifumbire ifunzwe igura igiciro cyiza.

Incamake yimashini nini

Imashini nini nini ningirakamaro muguhindura pulp mumabati akomeza. Izi mashini zifata igice kinini kandi gitanga impapuro zujuje ubuziranenge neza.

Ibice by'ingenzi n'imikorere

• Umutwe : Gukwirakwiza gukuramo kuri ecran kuri ecran neza.

• Igice cya Wire : Kora urupapuro rwimpapuro ukuyemo amazi.

• Kanda Igice cya Kanda : Koresha umuzingo wo gukandagira amazi arenze.

• Igice cyumye : Koresha silinderi ishyushye kugirango yumishe impapuro.

• Reel : Kuzunguza impapuro zarangiye kuri reel nini kugirango utunganyirize.

Imashini zo gucapa

Progaramu ya flexografiya

Gutegura plexografiya gukoresha amasahani yoroshye kugirango twohereze wirk kugeza kumpapuro. Nibyiza kumuvuduko mwinshi, icapiro rinini.

• Ibyiza : Byihuta, ubukungu, bukwiranye na wino zitandukanye.

• Ibibi : Ikarita yo hepfo yandika ugereranije nubundi buryo.

GRAVURE

Gravure printer ikoresha silinderi yashushanyijeho kwimura wino. Batanga amashusho meza afite amashusho meza.

• Ibyiza : Ubwiza bwo hejuru, bwiza kubishushanyo birambuye.

• Ibibi : Amafaranga yo hejuru, adahagije mugihe gito.

Icapa

Offset printer yohereza wice kuva ku isahani kugeza kuri kaberi ya reberi, hanyuma kumpapuro. Ubu buryo butanga icapiro rihoraho kandi ryinshi.

• Ibyiza : Bisanzwe, bidafite agaciro kubice bitandukanye byacapwe.

• Ibibi : Igihe kirekire cyo gushiraho, bisaba abakora ubuhanga.

Gucapa imashini igereranya

printer	bwiza	ubwoko
Flexographic	Byihuta, Ubukungu, Inks	Imiterere yo hepfo
Rubu	Ubwiza buhebuje, ibishushanyo birambuye	Ibiciro byinshi
Offset	Ubuziranenge buhamye, bitandukanye	Igihe kirekire cyo gushiraho, abakora ubuhanga

Gukata imashini

Guillotine Cuthers

Guillotine Cutrie Koresha Blade igororotse kugirango igabanye impapuro nini muburyo bwihariye. Birasobanutse neza kandi neza.

• Uruhare : Gukata impapuro nini neza.

• Inyungu : ibisobanuro byinshi, byoroshye gukora.

Imashini zo gutema

Imashini zitemba zikoresha ibicapo kugirango ugabanye imiterere. Ni ngombwa mugushinga ibishushanyo byihariye.

• Uruhare : Gukata imiterere.

• Inyungu : Voriatile, ikwiriye ibishushanyo bitandukanye.

Kuzenguruka n'imashini zingana

Kuramo imashini kubishushanyo bitandukanye

Kuzimya imashini bitera ibishushanyo bitandukanye byuzuza impapuro. Bakoresha ubwoko butandukanye bwinzitizi kubikoresho byihariye.

• Uruhare : Kuzenguruka impapuro mumitekerereze.

• Inyungu : Ububiko busobanutse, Ibishushanyo mbonera.

Imashini zingana zerekana imbaraga zikomeye

Imashini za gluing zisaba kumeneka ibice by'imifuka. Baremeza ko ingwate zikomeye, ziramba.

• Uruhare : Gushyira mu bikorwa no guhuza.

• Inyungu : ubumwe bukomeye, kumisha vuba.

Imashini zishinga

Imashini zishinga imifuka

Isakoshi ikora imashini zikora inzira yo gukora imifuka kuva impapuro. Bahuza gukata, kuzunguruka, no gukubita muburyo bumwe.

• URUHARE : GUKORA imifuka.

• Inyungu : gukora neza, guhuzagurika.

Imashini zo kongeramo intoki no kurangiza gukoraho

Imashini zongeraho imizi kandi zikora nyuma kumashashi. Baremeza ko imifuka yiteguye gukoreshwa no kubahiriza ibipimo byiza.

• Uruhare : Ongeraho ibiganza, kurangiza gukoraho.

• Inyungu : Uzuza inzira yo kubyara imiyoboro.

yimashini mumusaruro wimpapuro

bwimashini	Ubwoko	Incamake
Imashini Gukora Imashini	Hindura ifu mu mpapuro	Impapuro zifatika, zihemutse
Progaramu ya flexografiya	Umuvuduko mwinshi, icapiro rinini	Byihuta, Ubukungu
GRAVURE	Icapiro ryiza	Ibisobanuro bisumba byose, ubuziranenge
Icapa	Guharanira inyungu, byo hejuru	Versiatile, Igiciro-Cyiza
Guillotine Cuthers	Gutema neza impapuro nini	Neza cyane, gukora neza
Imashini zo gutema	Gukata imiterere	Bisanzwe, ibishushanyo bitandukanye
Kuzimya imashini	Kuzimya impapuro mumitekerereze	Ibishushanyo nyabyo, byihariye
Imashini zingana	Gushyira mu bikorwa byo guhuza	Ihuriro rikomeye, ryumye-ryumye
Imashini zishinga imifuka	Gukora imifuka	Gukora neza, guhuzagurika
Imashini zo kongeramo imikoreshereze	Ongeraho ibiganza no kurangiza gukoraho	Uzuza inzira yumusaruro

Izi mashini zikinisha inshingano zingenzi mugukora imifuka myiza yujuje ubuziranenge. Kuva kumara kurangiza, buri mashini iremeza imikorere no gusobanuka mubikorwa.

Umwanzuro

Recap yimifuka yumusaruro

Urugendo rwimifuka yimpapuro rutangirana nibikoresho fatizo. Harimo ibiti, ibyatsi, n'impapuro zishingiye ku gicuruzwa. Intambwe yambere ni ugukuramo, aho imiti cyangwa imashini ihindura ibikoresho fatizo muri pulp.

Ibikurikira, ifu ikorwa mumabati yimpapuro ukoresheje imashini nini nini. Izi mashini zirimo ibice byingenzi nkisanduku, wire igice, igice cyabanyamakuru, nigice cyumye.

Impapuro zimaze gukorwa, zirimo gucapa. Flexografiya, grabure, na offset printers ikoreshwa ukurikije igishushanyo nubwinshi. Buri buryo bufite inyungu zidasanzwe na porogaramu.

Gukata imashini noneho gabanya impapuro mubunini bwihariye. Guillotine Cutrie nimashini zicamo ningirakamaro mugushishozi. Kuzinga nimashini za gluing gukurikira, gukora imiterere yibanze yimifuka. Izi mashini zemeza neza kandi zifite imbaraga zikomeye.

Hanyuma, gukora imashini zikora inteko yimifuka. Harimo inzira zo kongeramo intoki nibindi birangira gukoraho. Izi ntambwe zuzuza impinduka zibikoresho fatizo kugirango ibicuruzwa byarangiye.

Ibitekerezo byanyuma kumpapuro

Gukora imifuka yimpapuro bifite inyungu zikomeye zishingiye ku bidukikije. Ni Biodegraduable na bubi, bigabanya imyanda ya plastike. Ukoresheje ibikoresho bishobora kongerwa nkigiti n'igituba bifasha kubungabunga umutungo kamere.

Ejo hazaza h'umufuka w'impapuro gasa neza. Guhanga udushya twibanda ku ndamba no gukora neza. Gutera imbere mu mashini nibikoresho bitwara inganda imbere. Icyerekezo cyerekeza kubikomoka kuri ibidukikije bikomeje kwiyongera.

Abaguzi bahitamo imifuka yimpapuro inyungu zabo zishingiye ku bidukikije. Ubucuruzi nabo barababera kugirango bateze imbere ishusho yicyatsi. Muri rusange, imifuka yimpapuro zerekana amahitamo arambye yo gupakira.